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Volume 51(8); Aug 2008
Review Articles
Differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in children
Ki Woong Sung
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):787-791.   Published online August 15, 2008
Enlargement of organs or other solid tissues usually presents as an abdominal mass. Often, abdominal masses in children are found by an unsuspected parent or by a physician during a routine examination. Most masses have no specific signs or symptoms. Abdominal masses in children require immediate attention. History and physical examination may provide clues to the diagnosis. Ultrasound examination is...
Malignancies in children who present with bone pain
Jun Ah Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):792-796.   Published online August 15, 2008
Bone pain in a child could be associated with cancer as an initial manifestation of the disease. The childhood malignancies that frequently present bone pain are leukemia, neuroblastoma, and primary bone tumors such as osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Persistent bone or joint pain associated with swelling, mass, or limitation of motion implies underlying serious causes. Systemic manifestations such as lymphadenopathy,...
Lymphadenopathy
Nack-Gyun Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):797-803.   Published online August 15, 2008
Lymphadenopathy is a common problem in children and adolescents. A wide variety of diseases and conditions may present as lymphadenopathy and an understanding of these conditions is essential to determine the most appropriate diagnostic work-up for each patient. A detailed history and physical examination with careful attention to the anatomical regions drained by the involved lymph node or mass often...
Original Articles
Infantile risk factors for obesity in preschool children
Sun Ju Park, Jae Won Moon, Hyun Ji Kim, Min Jung Cho
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):804-811.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : Childhood obesity is a problem that places a child at great risk for becoming an obese adult. To prevent obesity, it is important to focus on early life risk factors that may contribute to childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to find obesity-causing infantile risk factors in preschool children. Methods : A total of 223 children aged...
Eight cases of incidentally diagnosed as subclinical rickets
Ji-Young Seo, Curie Kim, Hee-Woo Lee, Young-Min Ahn
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):812-819.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : Vitamin D plays a key role in bone mineralization of the skeleton and vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets. It is well known that vitamin D deficiency is common in breast fed infants. Of these patients, clinically, some have no signs of rickets, but laboratory and radiographic findings are diagnostic for vitamin D deficiency rickets (subclinical vitamin...
A comparative study on iron deficiency anemia based on feeding patterns of nine-month-old infants
Hyun Jin Yun, Eun Jeong Choi, Eun Jin Choi, Su Young Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):820-826.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was conducted to evaluate the red cell indices and frequency of iron deficiency anemia based on the feeding patterns of nine-month-old infants. Methods : Blood tests were performed on 253 nine-month-old infants, who visited Il Sin Christian Hospital for health check- ups from January to December 2007. Their parents answered telephonic questions regarding their feeding patterns...
Reticulocyte hemoglobin content for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in young children with acute infection
Jon Soo Kim, Jun Seok Choi, Doo Young Choi, Chur Woo You
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):827-833.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : Early identification of iron deficiency in young children is essential to prevent damaging long-term consequences. It is often difficult for the pediatrician to know which indices should be used when diagnosing these conditions especially in hospitalized young children. This study investigated the clinical significances of reticulocyte hemoglobin content in young children with acute infection. Methods : We studied...
Detection and clinical manifestations of twelve respiratory viruses in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infections : Focus on human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus and human coronavirus
Kum Hyang Kim, Jung Ho Lee, Dong Shin Sun, Dong Shin Sun, Young Jin Choi, Joon Soo Park, Chang Jin Kim, Dong Jun Jung
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):834-341.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was perfomed to analyze in detail the viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in Cheunan, Korea by multiplex RT-PCR, including human rhinovirus (hRV) and newly identified viruses such as human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human coronavirus (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E/NL63). Method : Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were collected from 863 hospitalized children with ALRI on the first day...
A comparison between impulse oscillometry system and spirometry for spirometry for detecting airway obstruction in children
Hae Young Hur, Ji Hee Kwak, Hyoung Yun Kim, Da Wun Jung, Yoon Ho Shin, Man Yong Han
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):842-847.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : Measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is usually difficult to obtain in children under six years of age because it requires active cooperation. This study evaluates the sensitivity of impulse oscillometry system (IOS) parameters for detecting airway obstruction in comparison with FEV1. Methods : We studied 174 children who performed the lung function and methacholine challenge...
Incidence of congenital heart disease in the western part of Gyeongnam Province in Korea
Sun Hwa Jang, Jae Hui Kim, Jung Sook Yeom, Eun Sil Park, Ji Hyun Seo, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Shang Youn
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):848-855.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : The objective of this study was to ascertain the incidence of congenital heart disease in the western part of Gyeongnam Province in Korea. Methods : We enrolled 849 children (M:F=390:459) who were diagnosed with congenital heart disease (CHD) and received echocardiography during January 1997 to December 2005 in Gyeongsang National University Hospital. The subjects were limited to patients born...
Analysis of the factors influencing headache and backache following lumbar puncture
Sang Taek Lee, Sochung Chung, Yong Mean Park, Sun Hwan Bae, Jeong Jin Yu, Ran Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):856-860.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : This study aimed to examine the factors influencing the appearance of headache and backache following diagnostic lumbar puncture in children, focusing on the need for strict bed rest after lumbar puncture. Methods : We studied 70 two-fifteen-year-old pediatric patients who underwent diagnostic lumbar puncture from July 2005 to July 2007 at Konkuk University Hospital. We divided them into...
Comparison of occurrence rate of the epileptiform discharge between awake EEG and sleep EEG in childhood epilepsy
Yu Jin Jung, Kyoung Ah Kwon, Sang Ook Nam
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):861-867.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : We carried out this study to determine if there is any difference in the occurrence rate of the epileptiform discharge between awake EEG and sleep EEG and if there are any factors influencing on the occurrence rate of EEG. Methods : This study included 178 epileptic children who had visited neurology clinic of the department of pediatrics, Pusan National...
Safety and efficacy of the ultra-rush immunotherapy with extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in children
Sei Eun Hyun, Hyoung Yun Kim, Ji Hee Kwak, Youn Ho Shin, Ji Yeong Seo, Man Yong Han
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):868-873.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : Immunotherapy is accepted as the only treatment of allergic disease that can modify the natural course of the disease and ameliorate symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultra-rush therapy using Dermatophagoides extracts in children. Methods : Of children older than four years who had visited Bundang CHA Pediatric Allergy Clinic, those showing positive...
Periventricular leukomalacia induced by in utero clamping of pregnant rat aorta in fetal rats
Yun Sil Chang, Dong Kyung Sung, Saem Kang, Soo Kyung Park, Yu Jin Jung, Hyun Joo Seo, Seo Heui Choi, Won Soon Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):874-878.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was undertaken to develop an animal model of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) induced by in utero clamping of pregnant rat aorta in fetal rats. Methods : A timed pregnanct Sprague-Dawley rat on embryonic day 21 just prior to delivery was sedated and anesthetized, and a Harvard ventilator for small animals was applied. Following laparotomy, the maternal aorta was...
Transforming growth factor-β promoted vascular endothelial growth factor release by human lung fibroblasts
Sang Uk Park, Joo Hwa Shin, Jae Won Shim, Deok Soo Kim, Hye Lim Jung, Moon Soo Park, Jung Yeon Shim
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):879-885.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : The human lung fibroblast may act as an immunomodulatory cell by providing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are important in airway remodeling. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces mucosal edema and angiogenesis. Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC) induces selective migration of T helper 2 cells. We investigated whether human lung fibroblasts produced VEGF and TARC, and the...
Case Reports
A case of mixed connective tissue disease presenting initially with Raynaud`s phenomenon
Soo Young Kim, Young Seok Choi, Young Ok Kim, Young Jong Woo
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):886-891.   Published online August 15, 2008
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is characterized by diverse symptoms including rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis, associated with high titers of antibodies to extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), especially anti-ribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibody. Since the first report of 25 cases with MCTD in adults, there have been only a few cases of MCTD reported in children. Here, we report...
A case of acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with congenital H-type tracheoesophageal fistula and gastroesophageal reflux
Heewon Chueh, Myo Jing Kim, Jin-A Jung
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):892-895.   Published online August 15, 2008
H-type tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is extremely rare in infants and children, and clinical manifestations of this condition are diverse based on its severity. Some cases of congenital TEF diagnosed in adulthood have been reported, which indicate the difficulty of early diagnosis of this disease. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may induce chronic aspiration, pulmonary aspiration, apparent life-threatening events, and failure to thrive....
Erratums
ERRATUM: Epidemiologic characteristics of type 1 diabetes in children aged 14 years or under in Korea, 1985-2000.
Choong Ho Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):896-897.   Published online August 15, 2008
ERRATUM: Is routine screening examination necessary for detecting thromboembolism in childhood nephrotic syndrome?
Mun Sub Kim, Ja Wook Koo, Soung Hee Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(8):897.   Published online August 15, 2008