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- Original Article
- Cardiology
- Differentiation between incomplete Kawasaki disease and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following Kawasaki disease using N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide
- Jung Eun Choi, Yujin Kwak, Jung Won Huh, Eun-Sun Yoo, Kyung-Ha Ryu, Sejung Sohn, Young Mi Hong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(5):167-173. Published online May 28, 2018
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Purpose Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome with many causes, including Kawasaki disease (KD). The purpose of this study was to identify the laboratory tests needed to easily differentiate KD with HLH from incomplete KD alone.
Methods We performed a retrospective study on patients diagnosed with incomplete KD and incomplete KD with HLH (HLH-KD) between January 2012 and March 2015. We compared...
- Clinical usefulness of serum procalcitonin level in distinguishing between Kawasaki disease and other infections in febrile children
- Na Hyun Lee, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(4):112-117. Published online April 25, 2017
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Purpose The aims of this study were to compare serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels between febrile children with Kawasaki disease (KD) and those with bacterial or viral infections, and assess the clinical usefulness of PCT level in predicting KD.
Methods Serum PCT levels were examined in febrile pediatric patients admitted between August 2013 and August 2014. The patients were divided into 3 groups as...
- Prediction of unresponsiveness to second intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with Kawasaki disease refractory to initial treatment
- Euri Seo, Jeong Jin Yu, Hyun Ok Jun, Eun Jung Shin, Jae Suk Baek, Young-Hwue Kim, Jae-Kon Ko
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(10):408-413. Published online October 17, 2016
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Purpose This study investigated predictors of unresponsiveness to second-line intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD).
Methods This was a single-center analysis of the medical records of 588 patients with KD who had been admitted to Asan Medical Center between 2006 and 2014. Related clinical and laboratory data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results Eighty (13.6%) of the 588 patients...
- Clinical outcome of patients with refractory Kawasaki disease based on treatment modalities
- Hyun Jung Kim, Hyo Eun Lee, Jae Won Yu, Hong Ryang Kil
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(8):328-334. Published online August 24, 2016
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Purpose Although a significant number of reports on new therapeutic options for refractory Kawasaki disease (KD) such as steroid, infliximab, or repeated intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are available, their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of coronary artery lesions (CAL) remains controversial. This study aimed to define the clinical characteristics of patients with refractory KD and to assess the effects of adjuvant therapy...
- Age-adjusted plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level in Kawasaki disease
- Heul Jun, Kyung Ok Ko, Jae Woo Lim, Jung Min Yoon, Gyung Min Lee, Eun Jung Cheon
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(7):298-302. Published online July 31, 2016
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Purpose Recent reports showed that plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) could be a useful biomarker of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) unresponsiveness and coronary artery lesion (CAL) development in Kawasaki disease (KD). The levels of these peptides are critically influenced by age; hence, the normal range and upper limits for infants and children are different. We performed an age-adjusted analysis of plasma...
- Meta-analysis of factors predicting resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with Kawasaki disease
- Jin-Young Baek, Min Seob Song
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(2):80-90. Published online February 29, 2016
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Purpose Studies have been conducted to identify predictive factors of resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for Kawasaki disease (KD). However, the results are conflicting. This study aimed to identify laboratory factors predictive of resistance to high-dose IVIG for KD by performing meta-analysis of available studies using statistical techniques.
Methods All relevant scientific publications from 2006 to 2014 were identified through PubMed searches. For...
- Case Report
- Giant coronary aneurysm caused by Kawasaki disease: consistency between catheter angiography and electrocardiogram gated dual-source computed tomography angiography
- Eun-Ha Hwang, Jung-Ki Ju, Min-Jung Cho, Ji-Won Lee, Hyoung-Doo Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(12):501-504. Published online December 22, 2015
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We present the case of a 5-year-old child with coronary complications due to Kawasaki disease; this patient unintentionally underwent both dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) coronary angiography and invasive coronary angiographic examination in 2 months. This case highlights the strong consistency of the results between DSCT coronary angiography and invasive coronary angiography. Compared to conventional invasive coronary angiography, DSCT coronary angiography...
- Original Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors of early atherosclerosis in school-aged children after Kawasaki disease
- Hyun Jeong Cho, Soo In Yang, Kyung Hee Kim, Jee Na Kim, Hong Ryang Kil
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(5):217-221. Published online May 31, 2014
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Purpose The aim of this study was to determine whether school-aged children with Kawasaki disease (KD) have an increased risk for early atherosclerosis.
Methods The study included 98 children. The children were divided into the following groups: group A (n=19), KD with coronary arterial lesions that persisted or regressed; group B (n=49), KD without coronary arterial lesions; and group C (n=30), healthy children....
- Detection rate and clinical impact of respiratory viruses in children with Kawasaki disease
- Ja Hye Kim, Jeong Jin Yu, Jina Lee, Mi-Na Kim, Hong Ki Ko, Hyung Soon Choi, Young-Hwue Kim, Jae-Kon Ko
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(12):470-473. Published online December 20, 2012
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Purpose The purpose of this prospective case-control study was to survey the detection rate of respiratory viruses in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) by using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and to investigate the clinical implications of the prevalence of respiratory viruses during the acute phase of KD.
Methods RT-PCR assays were carried out to screen for the presence of respiratory syncytial...
- Review Article
- Diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease
- Jeong Jin Yu
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(3):83-87. Published online March 16, 2012
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Several authors suggested that the clinical characteristics of incomplete presentation of Kawasaki disease are similar to those of complete presentation and that the 2 forms of presentation are not separate entities. Based on this suggestion, a diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease in analogy to the findings of complete presentation is reasonable. Currently, the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease might be...
- Case Report
- A case of Kawasaki disease with coexistence of a parapharyngeal abscess requiring incision and drainage
- Se Hyun Choi, Hyun Jung Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(9):855-858. Published online September 13, 2010
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Kawasaki disease (KD) causes multisystemic vasculitis but infrequently manifests with deep neck infections, such as a peritonsillar abscess, peritonsillar or deep neck cellulitis, suppurative parapharyngeal infection, or retropharyngeal abscess. As its etiology is still unknown, the diagnosis is usually made based on typical symptoms. The differential diagnosis between KD and deep neck infections is important, considering the variable head and...
- A case of adolescent Kawasaki disease with Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis complicated by splenic infarction
- Byeong Sam Choi, Bo Sang Kwon, Gi Beom Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Jung-Eun Cheon, Eun Jung Bae, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(9):1029-1034. Published online September 15, 2009
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Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that affects children. There are few reports that describe the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as the possible infectious agent of KD. Here, we describe a case of KD in a 15- year-old boy complicated with giant coronary artery aneurysms, pericardial effusion, and splenic infarction. The clinical course of KD was... -
- Original Article
- Comparison and analysis of the effectiveness to high dose of aspirin and ibuprofen in acute phase of Kawasaki disease
- Seung-woon Keum, Yeon Kyun Oh, Jong Duck Kim, Seung-taek Yu
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(8):930-937. Published online August 15, 2009
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Purpose:We evaluated the effectiveness of treatment and cardiac complications of replacing a high dose of aspirin with a high dose of ibuprofen for children in acute phase of Kawasaki disease. We also analyzed the possibility of replacing a high dose of aspirin with a high dose of ibuprofen to prevent complications such as Reye s syndrome caused by aspirin. Methods:One hundred eight children... -
- Case Report
- Two cases of Kawasaki disease following pneumonia
- Hyun Jung Kim, Soo Jin Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(5):615-618. Published online May 15, 2009
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Kawasaki disease (KD) causes multisystemic vasculitis but rarely manifests with pulmonary symptoms. As its etiology is still unknown, there are no specific diagnostic tools available, and KD can be diagnosed only by the symptom pattern. The presence of unusual clinical manifestations often leads to delayed diagnosis. Here, we report two cases of KD with an initial presentation of pneumonia. KD... -
- Original Article
- Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotor gene in Kawasaki disease and relation to the risk of coronary artery lesion
- Se-hwa Kim, Jang-won Yun, Young-hyuk Lee, Eun-jung Cheon
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(4):476-480. Published online April 15, 2009
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Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the polymorphisms of the TNF-alpha promotor gene, its susceptibility to Kawasaki disease (KD) and to assess whether the TNF-alpha promotor gene polymorphism was related the risk of coronary artery lesions (CALs). Methods : From January 2003 to January 2007, 51 children (30 boys and 21 girls) with KD and 48... -
- Clinical factors causing hyponatremia in patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
- Soo Yeon Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Jun Seok Choi, Jae Kyung Huh
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(3):364-369. Published online March 15, 2009
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Purpose : Clinical and laboratory findings predict a severe outcome for mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. This study aimed to define the clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease (KD) patients with hyponatremia and to determine the factors associated with its development. Methods : Retrospective studies were performed on 114 KD patients who received an initial high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, single 2 g/kg/dose)... -
- Case Report
- Atypical presentation of Kawasaki disease resembling a retropharyngeal abscess
- Eu Jin Kim, Young Su Lim, Ji Eun Yoon, Heon-Seok Han
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):251-255. Published online February 15, 2009
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Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic inflammatory disorder, the etiology of which has not yet been established. The clinical manifestations are non-specific and are common to many pediatric infectious and immunologic diseases. In 2 cases presenting fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and retropharyngeal abscess-like lesions on the neck shown in a computerized tomography (CT) scan, the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was delayed.... -
- Original Article
- Low T3 syndrome in Kawasaki disease: Relation to serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and NT-proBNP
- Hye Kyung Cho, Jin A Sohn, Hae Soon Kim, Sejung Sohn
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):234-241. Published online February 15, 2009
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Purpose : We investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6) and N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods : Serum levels of thyroid hormone, TNF-α, IL-6, and NT-proBNP were measured in 52 KD patients in the acute and subacute phase and 10 patients with acute... -
- The relationship between catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism and coronary artery abnormality in Kawasaki disease
- Hyo Jin Lee, Myung Sook Lee, Ji Sook Kim, Eun Ryoung Kim, Sung Wook Kang, Soo Kang Kim, Joo Ho Chun, Kyung Lim Yoon, Mi Young Han, Seong Ho Cha
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(1):87-92. Published online January 15, 2009
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Purpose : Many gene polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease. Catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT) plays an important role in the metabolism of catecholamines, catechol estrogen, and catechol drugs. Polymorphisms of the COMT gene are reported to be associated with myocardial infarction and coronary artery abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between COMT... -
- Epidemiologic study of Kawasaki disease in 6 months old and younger infants
- Yong Won Park, Ji Whan Han, In Sook Park, Chang Hwi Kim, Sung Ho Cha, Jae Sook Ma, Joon Sung Lee, Tae Chan Kwon, Sang Bum Lee, Chul Ho Kim, Heung Jae Lee, Yong Soo Yun
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(12):1320-1323. Published online December 15, 2008
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Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic status of Kawasaki disease (KD) in infants ≤6 months of age. Methods : For the epidemiologic study of KD in Korea, data from 22,674 KD patients were collected from 1997 to 2005 on a 3-year basis by a retrospective survey. From this survey, data of 1,739 KD patients ≤6... -
- Clinical significance of the mechanical properties of the abdominal aorta in Kawasaki disease
- Mi Jin Kim, Mi Jin Kim, Sang Yun Lee, Sang Yun Lee, Yong Bum Kim, Yong Bum Kim, Hong Ryang Kil, Hong Ryang Kil
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(9):1012-1017. Published online September 15, 2008
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Purpose : This study aimed to assess the mechanical properties of the abdominal aorta in school-aged patients treated for Kawasaki disease and in normal, healthy children. Methods : This study examined 28 children with Kawasaki disease who had been followed up on and 30 healthy subjects of the same age and gender. We recorded systolic (Ps) and diastolic (Pd) blood pressure... -
- The effects of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin on plasma protein and lipid levels in the patients with Kawasaki disease
- Keun Young Lee, Dong-Un Kim, Hyun Seung Lee, Pil Sang Jang, Young-Hoon Kim, Jin Tack Kim, Hyun Hee Kim, Kyung-Yil Lee, Joon-Sung Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(12):1348-1353. Published online December 15, 2006
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Purpose : The reticuloendothelial system is composed of sinusoidal capillaries, through which even large protein molecules are freely movable between plasma and interstitial space, including the lymphatic system. Therefore, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) would cause a redistribution of proteins between two compartments. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured plasma protein and lipid levels in patients with Kawasaki disease before and... -
- Modified Tei index in patients with Kawasaki disease by tissue doppler imaging
- Hee Jung Kim, Jung Hwa Cha, Young Mi Hong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(11):1202-1210. Published online November 15, 2006
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Purpose : A quantitative and easily measured Doppler index of combined systolic and diastolic ventricular myocardial performance (Tei index) was recently proposed as a potentially useful predictor of global myocardial performance. However, presence of heart rate fluctuation makes it unreliable. Therefore, the modified Tei index was introduced by using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) which enables measuring contraction and relaxation velocities... -
- Case Report
- Infliximab treatment for a patient with refractory Kawasaki disease
- Hyo-Jung Yu, Soo-Jin Lee, Sejung Sohn
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(9):987-990. Published online September 15, 2006
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Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion is an effective therapy for acute Kawasaki disease (KD). Nonetheless, approximately 10 percent to 20 percent of patients have persistent or recrudescent fever despite IVIG treatment, leading to a higher risk for coronary artery aneurysms (CAA). This unresponsiveness may pose a challenge to the clinicians. Tumor necrosis factor-α levels are elevated in the acute phase of... -
- Original Article
- Fine needle aspiration cytology of enlarged lymph nodes in children and adolescents
- Seung Min Lee, Yoon Jung Oh, Yong Hoon Jun, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Soon Ki Kim, Jee Young Han, Young Chae Chu
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):167-172. Published online February 15, 2006
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Purpose : Palpable lymph nodes are common in the pediatric population, and most of them are either inflammatory or congenital. As the diagnostic evaluation, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is known to be more convenient and economical than tissue biopsy. We evaluated the usefulness of FNAC in children and adolescents. Methods : Four hundred and thirteen FNAC samples(M : F=1... -
- Clinical and Epidemiologic Study of Kawasaki Disease in Children 8 Years of Age and Older
- Yong Won Park, Ji Whan Han, In Sook Park, Chang Hwi Kim, Sung Ho Cha, Jae Sook Ma, Tae Chan Kwon, Sang Bum Lee, Chul Ho Kim, Heung Jae Lee, Yong Soo Yun
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1139-1142. Published online October 15, 2005
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Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic and clinical profiles of Kawasaki disease(KD) in children 8 years of age and older. Methods : For the epidemiologic study of KD in Korea, data of total 15,692 KD patients were collected from 1994 to 2002 on a 3 year basis, by the retrospective survey. Among them, data of... -
- Case Report
- Giant Coronary and Axillary Aneurysms in an Infant with Kawasaki Disease Associated with Thrombocytopenia
- Sei Young Seo, Jin Hee Oh, Jong-Hyun Kim, Ji-Whan Han, Kyung-Yil Lee, Dae Kyun Koh
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):901-906. Published online August 15, 2005
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Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. Yet the etiology of KD is still unknown and diagnosis depends on the exclusion of other diseases and the clinical manifestations meeting the defined criteria. Young infants frequently show atypical clinical courses and are frequently complicated with coronary aneurysms. Some cases show thrombocytopenia, which is known as... -
- Original Article
- Statistical Analysis of 1,000 Cases of Kawasaki Disease Patients Diagnosed at a Single Institute
- Dae Hwan Hwang, Kyoung Mi Sin, Kyong Min Choi, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Dong Soo Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(4):416-424. Published online April 15, 2005
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Purpose : To find the risk factors associated with coronory artery lesions, non-responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment, and recurrences in Kawasaki disease patients. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 1,000 Kawasaki disease patients who were admitted to Yonsei University Medical Center from September 1990 to December 2003. We compared between responder and non-responder groups to IVIG treatment as well as between relapsed... -
- Case Report
- A Case of Multiple Giant Coronary Aneurysms with Large Mural Thrombus due to Kawasaki Disease in a Young Infant
- Eun Na Choi, Jeoung Tae Kim, Yuria Kim, Byung Won Yoo, Deok Young Choi, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kye Lee, Dong Soo Kim, Young Hwan Park
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(3):321-326. Published online March 15, 2005
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Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown origin. Giant coronary aneurysm is one of the most serious complications, although peripheral artery vasculitis can produce life-threatening events. Myocardial ischemia and infarction can be caused by coronary artery stenosis, aneurysm, and stagnation of blood flow in coronary arteries which triggers thromboembolism. Atypical presentation in young infants often interferes with prompt... -
- Original Article
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase(MTHFR) Gene Expression in Kawasaki Disease
- Hye Ryung Choi, Ae Ra Joo, Hae Soon Kim, Sejung Sohn, Young Mi Hong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):774-778. Published online July 15, 2004
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Purpose : Hyperhomocysteinemia is known as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclesosis and myocardiac infarct. A common mutation in 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) gene results in a valine for alanine substitution, which makes enzyme thermolabile and reduces enzymal activity. We examined the relation of MTHFR genetic mutation and Kawasaki disease. Methods : We extracted DNA from the peripheral... -
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