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Original Article
Homocysteine, insulin, vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in obese children
Jee Yoon Park, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(5):475-481.   Published online May 15, 2006
Purpose : As the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have become problems. High homocysteine levels and low vitamin B12 supplementation are acknowledged to have a role in coronary artery disease, but there are few studies on homocysteine, insulin and vitamin B12 levels in obese children. We aimed to study whether homocysteine, insulin,...
Serum Insulin, Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 Levels in Obese Adolescents
Jung Hyun Kwon, Hyun Jin Kim, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1172-1178.   Published online November 15, 2005
Purpose : Childhood Obesity is increasing throughout the world, and it is known to incur many diseases especially in later life such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) and know if these factors are useful in predicting cardiovascular...
The Usefulness of the Abdominal Computerized Tomography for the Diagnosis of Childhood Obesity and Its Correlation with Various Parameters of Obesity
Yoon Hee Shim, Su Jin Cho, Jung Hyun Rhyu, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1082-1089.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : Abdominal obesity is encountered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the anthropometric cut-off value to estimate the cardiovascular risk, has not been suggested. This study was designed to find the relationship between the abdominal fat and various parameters of obesity to find the cardiovascular risk factors related to abdominal obesity and to establish practical methods to...
Serum Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Ji Hye Park, Jee Seon Shin, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):772-778.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is a systemic panvasculitis that causes coronary artery lesions. KD is accompanied by immunoregulatory abnormalities. Nitric oxide(NO) can induce relaxation of blood vessels by activating guanylate cyclase in smooth muscle cells and high levels of NO may result in coronary artery lesions. We investigated tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and NO production before and after intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) therapy...
Measurement of the Common Carotid Artery by Ultrasound as a Predictor of Atherosclerosis in Obese Adolescents
Ye Jin Kim, Yoon Hee Shim, Joung Hyun Yoo, Keun Lee, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):745-752.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Adolescent obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, coronary artery disease and insulin resistance. We measured the common carotid artery by ultrasound as a predictor of atherosclerosis, and investigated the relationship between carotid artery parameters and serum cytokines in obese adolescents. Methods : Twenty-nine obese adolescents(16-17 years old, obesity index>130 percent) and twenty- seven...
Pulmonary Function Test and Body Composition Analysis in Obese Children
Jee Seon Shin, Ji Hye Park, Ji Young Kim, Su Jung Kim, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):588-593.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Obesity is associated with disturbances of ventilatory functions in adults. But few studies have evaluated the pulmonary complications of obesity in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of obesity on pulmonary function and body composition in obese children. Methods : Forty seven obese children whose ages ranged from nine to twelve...
Chest X-ray Findings and Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Ji Young Kim, Jung Hyun Kwon, Kyung Hyo Kim, Jung Hyun Yu, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(5):534-538.   Published online May 15, 2005
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is a multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown etiology. Many complications other than cardiovascular involvement have been recognized in KD. However, there have been few reports published concerning involvement of the lungs in this disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between serum TNF-α, the degree of coronary artery dilatation and chest X-ray(CXR)...
Gene Expression of Metalloproteinases, Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases and Cytokines in Adriamycin-induced Cardiomyopathy
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(2):197-203.   Published online February 15, 2005
ity has been reported to occur in both clinical and experimental forms of dilated cardiomyopathy. There was no report about MMP in adriamycin(ADR)-induced cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate gene expression of MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMP) in ADR-induced cardiomyopathy and clarify the relationship between MMP and cytokines. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two...
Applicability of the "Questionnaire on Risk Factors Associated with Obesity in Adolescents" in School-Based Screening to Prevent Life Style Disease as a Result of Complicated Adolescent Obesity
Yoon Hee Shim, Ji Young Kim, Soo Jeung Lee, Su Jin Cho, Whaan Kuck Yeong, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(12):1266-1272.   Published online December 15, 2004

Purpose: The prevalence of obesity and complications related to obesity among Korean adolescents were reviewed. To prevent obesity related complications in adolescents, the applicability of the "Questionnaire on risk factors associated with obesity in adolescents" as an assessment and management guideline was evaluated. Methods: Weight, height, blood pressure and serum lipid and glucose level of 7,265 high school students in Seoul...
Functional Antibody Responses to Seven Serotypes in Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Children
Ji Hye Park, Hee Jung Kim, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hyo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(11):1173-1180.   Published online November 15, 2004
Purpose : Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogen in children as well as in elderly people. The aim of this study was to assess the opsonization activity of pneumococal capsular antibody to seven serotypes in 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine before and after immunization in Korean children. Methods : Nine children from 24 to 49 months of age were immunized with 23-valent...
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase(MTHFR) Gene Expression in Kawasaki Disease
Hye Ryung Choi, Ae Ra Joo, Hae Soon Kim, Sejung Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):774-778.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : Hyperhomocysteinemia is known as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclesosis and myocardiac infarct. A common mutation in 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) gene results in a valine for alanine substitution, which makes enzyme thermolabile and reduces enzymal activity. We examined the relation of MTHFR genetic mutation and Kawasaki disease. Methods : We extracted DNA from the peripheral...
Antithrombin III in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Premature Infants
Su Jin Cho, Hye Ryung Choi, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):740-745.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : We evaluated the diagnostic implications and therapeutic efficacy of antithrombin III(AT III) in the disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) of premature infants. Methods : Ninety-two premature infants diagnosed with DIC and treated with AT III from March, 2000 to May, 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, complete blood counts, coagulation tests, and AT III levels were compared between the two groups...
A Study for Adiponectin in Obese Adolescents with Hypertension
Jee Yoon Park, Su Jin Cho, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):719-725.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : The adipocyte has traditionally been known as a reservoir for energy, but currently there is growing evidence that the adipocyte plays an important role in the pathogenesis of energy metabolism and homeostasis. Adipocytokine released from the adipocyte has been known to play a role in diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and other diseases related with obesity. The purpose...
Matrix Metalloproteinases, Tissue Inhibitors and Cytokines in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Ae Ra Cho, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(6):656-664.   Published online June 15, 2004
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is a multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown etiology, but immunological abnormalities have been documented and implicated in the pathogenesis of KD. Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) have proteolytic activity against connective tissue proteins, and increased activity of MMPs and a quantitative imbalance between MMP and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) can result in several pathologic conditions. MMP and TIMP...
Aseptic Meningitis Secondary to High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Kawasaki Disease
Ae Ra Cho, Jee Yoon Park, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):561-566.   Published online May 15, 2004
Purpose : Kawasaki disease is a multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis and associated with neurologic features such as aseptic meningitis. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) is used to treat Kawasaki disease and generally considered to be safe, but rare cases of aseptic meningitis with unknown etiology have been reported. The aseptic meningitis associated with Kawasaki disease was compared with meningitis as the adverse reaction...
Change of Cerebral Blood Flow during Tilt Tests in Children with Vasovagal Syncope
Su Jung Kim, Hye Won Yom, Young Mi Hong, Jung Hyen Yoo, Sook Hee Lee, Chong Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):983-988.   Published online October 15, 2003
Purpose : Syncope appears to be common. However, the mechanism of syncope is not clear. Increased vagal activity and withdrawal of sympathetic stimulation cause hypotension, bradycardia and finally loss of consciousness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes of cerebral blood flow velocity, blood pressure, and heart rate during tilt test in children with vasovagal syncope. Methods : Sixty...
Correlation between Body Fat Percent Estimated by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Other Variable Methods
Hye Won Yom, Su Jung Kim, Il Tae Whang, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(8):751-757.   Published online August 15, 2003
Purpose : Obesity is a significant health problem with medical and psychological consequences for children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between body fat percent using bioelectrical impedance(BI) and other variable methods. Methods : We measured height, weight, body mass index(BMI) and body fat percent by skinfold thickness(ST) and BI in 1,035(496 male; 539 female)...
Serum Fatty Acid and Carnitine Levels in Obese Children with Fatty Livers
Jin Bum Lee, Jae Won Lee, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(9):1083-1089.   Published online September 15, 2002
Purpose : The prevalence of obese children has recently increased. Obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. L-carnitine is an essential cofactor for the transport of long chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation. The purpose of this study is to measure serum free fatty acid and carnitine levels, and...
Changes of Serum Fatty Acid and Carnitine Levels after Administration of L-carnitine in Rats
Jae Won Lee, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(9):1075-1082.   Published online September 15, 2002
Purpose : Obesity is known to be associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver and is thought to be associated with increased levels of free fatty acids. One of the strategies for decreasing free fatty acid levels is stimulation of hepatic lipid oxidation with L-carnitine. Carnitine is an essential cofactor for transport of long-chain fatty acid into mitochondria for oxidation....
Serogroup and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Oropharynx in Children Attending Day Care Center
Kyung Hyo Kim, Jong Eun Lee, Il Tae Whang, Kyung Ha Ryu, Young Mi Hong, Gyoung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Eun-Suk Kang, Ki-Sook Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(3):346-353.   Published online March 15, 2002
Purpose : Penicillin- and multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae poses a serious threat to clinicians because the rate of resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin in Korea has surged up to the world's highest level. This study was performed to assess the carriage rate, serogroups and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae isolated from oropharynx in children. Methods : From March to July 1998,...
Relationship between Serum Leptin Levels and Other Predictors in Obese Children
Se Jin Park, Ki Won Park, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(10):1103-1111.   Published online October 15, 2001
Purpose : The product of the ob gene, leptin is an adipocyte specific hormone that might be involved in the regulation of food intake by the central neuroendocrine system. Recent studies reported that serum leptin concentrations were correlated with Body mass index(BMI) and other obesity measurements. The aims of this study were to evaluate leptin concentrations according to degree of...
Body Composition by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Obese Children
Jong Eun Lee, Ki Won Par, Su Jin Cho, Il Tae Whang, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(9):992-1001.   Published online September 15, 2001
Purpose : Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) is a very useful method of analysing body composition in many diseases. BIA is a simple, rapid, non-invasive and reproducible technique. There was no comparative analysis between obese and healthy children. A comparative analysis between obese and healthy children is needed to assess the effect of excercise and other interventions in the management of childhood obesity....
Risk Factors for Fatty Liver in Obese Children
Ki Won Park, Jong Eun Lee, Kyung Ha Ryu, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Gyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Jeong Hyun Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(6):669-676.   Published online June 15, 2001
Purpose : The incidence of obese patients has increased recently in Korea. Obesity is associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and fatty liver. Since recent investigators have revealed that not only fat accumulation but also fibrosis and nonspecific hepatitis can be found in the livers of obese children, fatty liver is currently considered as an important complication. The purpose of...
Carriage and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from Oropharynges of Children
Kyung Hyo Kim, Kyoung Ah Lim, Il Tae Whang, Young Mi Hong, Eun Sook Kang, Ki Sook Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(5):509-516.   Published online May 15, 2001
Purpose : Haemophilus influenzae, one of the normal flora of the upper respiratory tract, can cause such infections as otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis in children. The oropharyngeal flora has therefore mainly been analyzed as a reservoir for pathogens. This study was performed to reveal the colonization rate of H. influenzae in the upper respiratory tract, their biotypes, their antimicrobial...
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Children
Su Jin Cho, Se Jin Park, Il Tae Hwang, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(5):493-500.   Published online May 15, 2001
Purpose : Obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. The importance of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia have been emphasized in obesity. Homocysteine is an emerging important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adult, but there are less reports about homocysteine in children. Several risk factors such as blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum...
The Changes of Apoptosis and Viability in Stem Cells after Thawing with Lapse of the Time
Seun Joo Park, Sang Young Bae, Kyung Ha Ryu, Il Tae Whang, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Joo Young Seoh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1576-1582.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Thawed stem cells should be infused as early as possible because delay of infusion leads to decrease of cell viability and formation of DNA clumping. The procedure of 10% Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) removal and a long distance from the thawing location to the patient are the main causes of delay of infusion that results in the loss of cell...
Serum Lipid Levels and Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Rat with Adriamycin Induced Cardiomyopathy
Young Mi Hong, Hye Ran Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1480-1487.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy is irreversible and may procede to clinical congestive heart failure. Recently, it has been suggested that adriamycin may exert cardiomyopathy due to inhibition of transport across mitochondrial membranes mediated by the carnitine palmitoyltransferase system(CPT I). The effect of adriamycin on fatty acid metabolism according to cumulative dose was not clarified. The purpose of this study...
Effects of Ductal Closure on Flow Velocities of Peripheral Pulmonary Arteries in Normal Term Infants
Hae-Soon Kim, Se Jeong Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1318-1322.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate whether a relationship may exist between transient peripheral pulmonary stenosis and the closure of the ductus arteriosus in term infants. Methods : A total of 69 healthy full-term infants had pulmonary artery and ductal color Doppler flow velocity assessment performed at of 10 hours age(group I), 1-2 days of age(group II), and...
Oscillometric Blood Pressure Values of Infants and Children
Hae In Suh, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1029-1036.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : Automated oscillometric blood pressure measurement is not used universally, but has a tendency to be used more frequently in pediatric areas. Reference values of blood pressure by this method were not reported on infants and children under 5 years of age in Korea. This study was performed to study normative blood pressure values by using oscillometric method, presenting...
Nationwide Survey on Current Status of Formula Feeding in Infants
Yon Ho Choe, Kyeong Rae Moon, Jeong Wan Seo, Jae Geon Sim, Kee Whan Yoo, Byeung Ju Jeong, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):878-888.   Published online July 15, 2000
Purpose : Although breast milk is considered the best source of nutrition for infants because of its superiority over powdered milk, there are circumstances when breast milk is unavailable. Committee on Nutrition of the Korean Pediatric Society conducted an investigation into the current status of formula feeding in Korea. Methods : This investigation was conducted using questionnaires produced by our committee and distributed to mothers...