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Original Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Comparison of postnatal catch-up growth according to definitions of small for gestational age infants
Jisun Huh, Ji Yoon Kwon, Hye Ryun Kim, Eun Hee Lee, Young-Jun Rhie, Byung Min Choi, Kee-Hyoung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(3):71-77.   Published online March 19, 2018
Purpose

Small for gestational age (SGA) is confusingly defined as birth weight (BW) either below 3rd percentile or 10th percentile for infants. This study aimed to compare postnatal catch-up growth between SGA groups according to different definitions.

Methods

Data of 129 infants born with BW below the 10th percentile and admitted to Korea University Anam Hospital and Ansan Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Height...

Endocrinology
Screening of SHOX gene sequence variants in Saudi Arabian children with idiopathic short stature
Abdulla A. Alharthi, Ehab I. El-Hallous, Iman M. Talaat, Hamed A. Alghamdi, Matar I. Almalki, Ahmed Gaber
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(10):327-332.   Published online October 20, 2017
Purpose

Short stature affects approximately 2%–3% of children, representing one of the most frequent disorders for which clinical attention is sought during childhood. Despite assumed genetic heterogeneity, mutations or deletions in the short stature homeobox-containing gene (SHOX) are frequently detected in subjects with short stature. Idiopathic short stature (ISS) refers to patients with short stature for various unknown reasons. The goal...

Case Report
Endocrinology
Concomitant occurrence of Turner syndrome and growth hormone deficiency
Jung Yu, Ha Young Shin, Chong Guk Lee, Jae Hyun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S121-S124.   Published online November 30, 2016

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder in phenotypic females that has characteristic physical features and presents as partial or complete absence of the second sex chromosome. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a condition caused by insufficient release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. The concomitant occurrence of TS and GHD is rare and has not yet been reported...

A case of anemia caused by combined vitamin B12 and iron deficiency manifesting as short stature and delayed puberty
Seung Min Song, Keun Wook Bae, Hoi-Soo Yoon, Ho Joon Im, Jong-Jin Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(5):661-665.   Published online May 31, 2010

Anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency resulting from inadequate dietary intake is rare in children in the modern era because of improvements in nutritional status. However, such anemia can be caused by decreased ingestion or impaired absorption and/or utilization of vitamin B12. We report the case of an 18-year-old man with short stature, prepubertal sexual maturation, exertional dyspnea, and severe...

Original Article
Analysis of cytosine adenine repeat polymorphism of the IGF-I promoter gene in children with idiopathic short stature
Jae Hoon Moon, Woo Yeong Chun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(3):356-363.   Published online March 15, 2009
Purpose : A polymorphism in the IGF-I gene promoter region is known to be associated with serum IGF-I levels, birth weight, and body length, suggesting that IGF-I gene polymorphism might influence postnatal growth. The present study aimed to investigate the role of this polymorphic cytosine-adenine (CA) repeat of the IGF-I gene in children with idiopathic short stature. Methods : The...
Case Report
Joubert syndrome with peripheral dysostosis - A case report of long term follow-up -
Jung Tae Kim, Sun Jun Kim, Chan-Uhng Joo, Soo Chul Cho, Dae-Youl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):315-318.   Published online March 15, 2007
This report describes the long-term follow-up of a 10-year-old female patient with Joubert syndrome with short stature and brachydactyly. She presented with hyperpnea alternated with hypopnea, uncontrolled jerking eye movements, and hypotonia during early infancy. She was diagnosed with Joubert syndrome based on clinical symptoms and typical MRI findings at 5 months of age. Abnormal ventilation and eye movements disappeared...
Original Article
Effects of growth hormone treatment on glucose metabolism in idiopathic short stature
Seung Yeon Kwon, Duk-Hee Kim, Ho-Seong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(6):665-671.   Published online June 15, 2006
Purpose : To study the effects of growth hormone(GH) treatment on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in children with idiopathic short stature(ISS). Methods : Glucose and insulin concentrations were measured during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after GH treatment(0.6-0.7 IU/kg/week) in 20 patients with ISS. Insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA). Results : During OGTT, the mean...
Effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and L-arginine on cerebral hemodynamics and energy metabolism during reoxygenation-reperfusion after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in newborn piglets
Sun Young Ko, Saem Kang, Yun Sil Chang, Eun Ae Park, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(3):317-325.   Published online March 15, 2006
Purpose : This study was carried out to elucidate the effects of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine(L-NMMA) and nitric oxide precursor, L-arginine(L-Arg) on cerebral hemodynamics and energy metabolism during reoxygenation-reperfusion(RR) after hypoxia- ischemia(HI) in newborn piglets. Methods : Twenty-eight newborn piglets were divided into 4 groups; Sham normal control(NC), experimental control(EC), L-NMMA(HI & RR with L-NMMA), and L-Arg(HI & RR...
The effect of growth hormone treatment in short children born small for their gestational ages
Joo Hee Seo, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(3):312-316.   Published online March 15, 2006
Purpose : Growth hormone(GH) has been recognized as an effective treatment for short children born small for their gestational ages(SGA), and nowadays it has been widely used for the treatment of short children born SGA. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of GH treatment for the children born SGA. Methods : The study population was made of...
Effects of Growth Hormone Therapy in Children with Idiopathic Short Stature
Kyong A Lee, Heon Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):865-870.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : The use of growth hormone(GH) to promote growth in normal short children without classical GH deficiency is controversial. Numerous foreign studies have shown the effects of GH therapy in children with idiopathic short stature(ISS) whereas few has been interested in Korea. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effects of GH therapy on ISS by observing correlations...
Case Report
A Case of Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome with Pure Red Cell Aplasia, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Chronic Respiratory Infection
Jung Hyun Lee, Eun Seok Roh, Yoo Rah Hong, Jae Sun Park, Ghi Seok Seo, Bang Hur, Mi Hyang Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(12):1351-1355.   Published online December 15, 2004
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome(RTS), or poikiloderma congenita, is a rare, multisystem disorder. It is inherited genetically as an autosomal recessive trait, occurring predominantly in females(1.4 : 1). The RTS is comprised of poikiloderma, short stature, sparse hair, juvenile cataracts, skeletal defects, dystrophic teeth and nails, photosensitivity, and hypogonadism. We report a case of RTS who died of bleeding from esophageal varices, pulmonary...
Original Article
The Effect of Growth Hormone on Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature
Jeong Cheol Kang, Yoon Suk Choi, In Kyong Choi, Ho Sung Kim, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(3):310-318.   Published online March 15, 2004
Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of growth hormones on children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) or idiopathic short stature(ISS). Methods : Between January 1988 to July 2003, 45 patients(M26, F19) with GHD and 24 patients (M13, F11) with ISS were enrolled in this study. Height standard deviation score(Ht SDS) for chronological age(CA) and Ht SDS for bone...
Overnight Growth Hormone Secretions and Sleep Patterns in Idiopathic Short Stature Children
Sang Young Seo, Kee Hyoung Lee, Baik Lin Eun, Chang Sung Sohn, Young Chang Tockgo, Chol Shin, Baek-Hyun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(4):363-369.   Published online April 15, 2003
Purpose : Pharmacologic provocation test of growth hormone(GH) is a non-physiologic method and has several limitations for diagnosing growth hormone(GH) deficiency. Spontaneous GH release studies could be important in understanding the pathophysiology of children with poor growth but normal responses to GH provocation tests. Also, the relationship between nocturnal GH secretions and sleep patterns in short stature children is poorly...
Growth Hormone Receptor Mutation and Partial Growth Hormone Insensitivity in Children with Idiopathic Short Stature
So Chung Chung, Ran Namgung, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):922-935.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : Children with idiopathic short stature(ISS) are classified on the basis of exclusion criteria. Short stature with normal or increased circulating growth hormone(GH) and low IGF-I levels indicates that partial growth hormone insensitivity(GHI) may play a role in ISS. The present study was performed to investigate whether partial GHI is observed in children with idiopathic short stature and whether...
Serum Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Ⅰ and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 between Short Children with or without Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Kye Shik Shim, Se Young Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(3):390-396.   Published online March 15, 1999
Purpose : Postnatally, 20% of children with intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR) has no catch- up growth, This might be dependent on the serum level of Insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I), resulting in shortness. We measured serum levels of IGF-I and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) in children with IUGR and normal short stature variants(NSSV) to observe whether they play a role in...
Cardiovascular Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment in Idiopathic Short Stature
Hyang Ok Woo, Dong Wook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(8):1149-1155.   Published online August 15, 1997
Purpose : An excess of GH causes various problems within the cardiovascular system including cardiac hypertrophy and abnormalities of left ventricle(LV) function. To evaluate the cardiovascular effects due to GH treatment in idiopathic short stature (ISS), we measured the cardiovascular function. Methods : Twenty-two echocardiographic studies were performed in ISS who were admitted from Jan. 1994 through Jul. 1996, and they were divided into two...
Characteristics of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Serum; Pattern of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (Large Complex) in Short Stature Patients with Complete Growth Hormone Deficiency
Jin Nyoung Park, Byung Deok Seo, Jeh Hoon Shin, Soo Ji Moon, Sung Yeoul Chang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(11):1548-1559.   Published online November 15, 1994
To elucidate the complex of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs) in short stature patients, we carried out a prospective study on three patients who were diagnosed as complete GH deficiency at the department of pediatrics form July 1992 to June 1993. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Two circulating IGFs complexed to specific binding protein existed in normal serum. Binding...
The Effect of Long-Term Corticosteroid Treatment on Height Velocity in Childhood
Byung Mun Lee, Chan Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(2):185-194.   Published online February 15, 1993
The auther analysed 29 patients who were treated with prednisolone, including nephrotic syndrome(13 cases). Acute leukemia (10 cases), bronchial asthma(2 cases), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(2 cases) and ulcerative colitis(1 cases) patients in childhood, after remission induction, prolonged alternate or interrupted treatment was used. The auther observed patterns of height velocity of these patients from 1.6 to 10.3 years. The results were as...
Growth Promoting Effect of Recombinant methionyl-Growth Hormone in Children with Chronic Renal Failure
Heon Seok Han, Yong Choi, Hyung Ro Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(10):1355-1360.   Published online October 15, 1992
The authors studied the growth-promoting effect of yeast-derived methionyl-hGH in short statured children with uremic chronic renal failure. The subjects were prepubertal chronic renal insufficient patients whose height standard deviation scores were below -2.0. Two boys and two girls participated in this study. Chronic renal insufficiency was the only cause for the short stature. HGH was given to the subjects in dose...
Clinical effects of recombinant Korean growth hormone (LBD-003).
Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(8):1110-1115.   Published online August 31, 1991
LBD-003, methionyl GH, has been produced recently in the yeast by the use of recombinant method. The clinical efficacy and immunogenecity of LBD-003 were studied in 20 patients with naive GH deficiency. The subjects of this study were aged 5.1—13.9 years and received GH 1.5IU/kg thrice weekly for 1 year. During treatment, height, body weight & bone age were checked. Blood count, chemistry amd thyroid...
The effects of human growth hormone on short stature.
Sang Mi Ha, Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(7):999-1008.   Published online July 31, 1991
Since Raben’s original report that human growth hormone promoted growth in a boy with pituitary dwarfism, the hormone’s efficacy in children with growth hormone deficiency has been amply confirmed. However the scarcity of growth hormone prepared human pituitaries has limited studies of its usefulness in short stature. The availability of a biologically active human growth hormone produced by recombinant-DNA technology has dramatically changed the...
Effect of Oxandrolone Therapy in Short Stature.
Yil Sub Lee, Soo Young Lee, Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(9):1273-1281.   Published online September 30, 1989
Fifty six boys and 28 girls aged 4 to 15.8 years were treated with oxandrolone during the 4 to 25 months. Measurement of height and bone age were made at the beginning and at 6 months intervals. The daily dose were 0.08 mg to 0.28 mg per kilogram. Predictions for adult height at the beginning of the study were compared with those at...
Russell-Silver Syndrome.
Sei Won Yang, Hyung Ro Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(7):715-722.   Published online July 31, 1986
Seventeen cases(12 boys and 4 girls) with Russell-Silver syndrome were evaluated for weight, height and bone age at initial presentation and during follow up. 1) Distribution of patient` s age at initial presentation was between 1 day and 75/12 year of age. 2) In 14 cases, the birth weight was below 3 percentile except for one case(3 percentile). In 15 cases, the...
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