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Original Article
Hematology
Changes and correlations of T-cell coinhibitory molecule programmed death-1 and interferon-γ in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia
Fady Mohamed El-Gendy, Amira M.F. Shehata, Esam Awad Abd El-Kawy, Mahmoud Ahmed El-Hawy
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(3):127-133.   Published online February 24, 2023
Question: What are the PD-1+ CD4+ T cells percentages and serum interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels of pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)?
Finding: Compared with healthy controls, the PD-1+ CD4+ T cells percentages and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in ITP patients before and 1 month after therapy.
Meaning: Our findings suggest that PD-1+ CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ are involved in the pathophysiological process of ITP.
Gastroenterology
Thyroid disturbances in children treated with combined pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C
Yasser K. Rashed, Fatma A. Khalaf, Sobhy E. Kotb
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(2):52-55.   Published online September 27, 2019
Background: Immunomodulatory properties of interferon (IFN) have been documented. It may induce autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis with hypo- or hyperthyroidism. In addition, it may impair thyroid hormone synthesis through affecting iodide organification in thyroid gland.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe thyroid function tests disturbances in children with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) receiving pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG...
Case Report
Neurology
A long-term subacute sclerosing panencephalitis survivor treated with intraventricular interferon-alpha for 13 years
Minsun Kwak, Hye-Ryun Yeh, Mi-Sun Yum, Hyun-Jin Kim, Su Jeong You, Tae-Sung Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):108-112.   Published online September 18, 2018
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive, and fatal central nervous system disorder resulting from persistent measles virus infection. Long-term data are scarce, with a maximum follow-up period of 10 years. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is a protein that exerts its antiviral activity via enhancement of cellular immune response and is reported to be an effective drug for the treatment of...
Original Article
Infection
Usefulness of interferon-γ release assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in young children
Ki Wook Yun, Young Kwang Kim, Hae Ryun Kim, Mi Kyung Lee, In Seok Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(6):256-261.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in young children may progress to severe active tuberculosis (TB) disease and serve as a reservoir for future transmission of TB disease. There are limited data on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) performance in young children, which our research aims to address by investigating the usefulness of IGRA for the diagnosis of LTBI.

Methods

We performed a tuberculin skin...

Long-term outcome of patients with p22phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease on Jeju Island, Korea
Hyun Sik Kang, Geol Hwang, Kyung-Sue Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(4):129-135.   Published online April 22, 2015
Purpose

This study investigated the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with p22phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) on Jeju Island and retrospectively evaluated the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) prophylaxis.

Methods

The medical records of 15 patients with CGD were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy of IFN-γ prophylaxis was evaluated by comparing the frequency of severe infections before and after starting continuous prophylaxis with IFN-γ.

Results

At the...

Clinical features of infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma
Eun Hee Kim, Kyung Nam Koh, Meerim Park, Bo Eun Kim, Ho Joon Im, Jong Jin Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(6):260-266.   Published online June 30, 2011
Purpose

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHHE) is the most common type of hepatic vascular tumor in infancy. We conducted this study to review our clinical experience of patients with IHHE and to suggest management strategies.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 23 IHHE patients (10 males, 13 females) treated at the Asan Medical Center between 1996 and 2009.

Results

Median age at diagnosis was...

Case Report
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the ascending colon: the implication of IFN-α2b treatment
Sun Ju Park, Dong Kyun Han, Hee Jo Baek, Sang Young Chung, Jong Hee Nam, Hoon Kook, Tai Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(11):975-978.   Published online November 30, 2010

A 7-year-old boy presented with hematochezia and abdominal pain. A 3.7-cm-sized mass was identified in the ascending colon by abdominal computed tomography and colonoscopy. The patient underwent surgical resection. Pathological examination revealed a low-grade perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa). PEComa in the colon is very rare. Only a few cases have been reported so far. An effective treatment method for...

Original Article
Toll-like receptor 9 expression and interferon-α secretion upon CpG-ODN stimulation in allergic subjects
Man Yong Han, Hye Mi Jee, Hyeong Yoon Kim, Cho Ae Lee, Hyo-Jin Cho, Seong-Gyu Hwang, Kyu-Earn Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(9):1015-1020.   Published online September 15, 2009

Purpose:The aim of this study is to explore the effect of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) that respond to antigen to Th2 immune deviation in allergic patients. Methods:Subjects consisted of 19 allergic patients and 17 healthy volunteers. Skin prick tests and nasal provocation tests were performed for the two groups. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)...
Review Article
Treatment of latent tuberculous infection in children and adolescent
Jong-Hyun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(5):519-528.   Published online May 15, 2009
Tuberculosis continues to cause an unacceptably high toll of disease and death among children worldwide. Whereas intense scientific and clinical research efforts into novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive interventions have focused on tuberculosis in adults, childhood tuberculosis has been relatively neglected. However, children are particularly vulnerable to severe disease and death following infection, and those with latent infection become the...
Original Article
Comparison of a whole blood Interferon-γ assay and A tuberculin skin test for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in children
Jin-Kyong Chun, Jin-Kyong Chun, Chang Ki Kim, Chang Ki Kim, Hyun Sook Kim, Hyun Sook Kim, Ghee Young Jung, Ghee Young Jung, John A. Linton, John A. Linton, Ki Hwan Kim, Ki Hwan Kim, Taek Jin Lee, Taek Jin Lee, Ji Hyun Jeon, Ji Hyun Jeon, Dong Soo Kim, Dong Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(9):971-976.   Published online September 15, 2008
Purpose : Surveillance for detecting and managing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key component of tuberculosis control. The classic surveillance tool, the tuberculin skin test (TST), may have some limitations when used in the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated population. The object was to perform a blood test QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-G IT) based on the detection of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)...
Case Report
Long-term recombinant interferon-γ treatment in 2 cases of osteopetrosis
Dong-Yun Kim, Dong-Kyun Han, Hee-Jo Baek, Sung-Taek Jung, Hoon Kook, Tai-Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1129-1133.   Published online November 15, 2007
Osteopetrosis, a rare osteosclerotic bone disease characterized by a defect in osteoclast function and the reduced generation of superoxide by leukocytes, can be classified into several types based on their mode of inheritance, age of onset, severity, and associated clinical symptoms. Stem cell transplantation is the only curative therapy for the infantile malignant type, although alternative treatments, such as corticosteroids,...
Review Article
The management and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Korean children
Byung-Ho Choe
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(9):823-834.   Published online September 15, 2007
Interferon (IFN) alpha has been the first line therapy of chronic hepatitis B in children, but HBeAg seroconversion occurred in 26% of treated children compared to 11% of controls in multinational randomized controlled study. Recently, lamivudine was shown to be a potent inhibitor of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reproduction both in HBeAg positive and in HBeAg negative (the pre-core mutant...
Case Report
A case of childhood relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis and interferon β-1b treatment in a Korean patient
Hyun Seok Kim, Won Deok Lee, Jun Hwa Lee, Kyung Lae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):580-584.   Published online June 15, 2007
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder that affects discrete areas of the CNS, including the optic nerves, in a quite variable relapsing-remitting fashion over a prolonged period of time. Although MS is usually considered to be a disease that affects peoples in early to middle adulthood, children do develop multiple sclerosis. The frequency of MS onset before the age...
Original Article
Comparison of Therapeutic Efficacy between Lamivudine and Alpha-Interferon in Korean Children with Chronic Hepatitis B at Two Years after the Initiation of Treatment
Byung-Ho Choe, You Cheol Jang, Chang Hwan Jang, Ki Won Oh, Jun Hwa Lee, Cheol Woo Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):55-62.   Published online January 15, 2005
Purpose : We compared the therapeutic efficacy of lamivudine and alpha-interferon in children with chronic hepatitis B two years after the initiation of treatment, so that we could verify the safety and long term efficacy of lamivudine in children. Methods : We prospectively studied 44 children(32 male and 12 female; age, 1-18 years, mean, 9 years) treated for chronic hepatitis B...
Comparison of Cytokine Expressions among Kawasaki Disease and Its Symptom-related Diseases
Ran Lee, So Hyun Park, Yu Jeong Kim, So Young Kim, Hyun Hee Kim, Wonbae Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):567-573.   Published online May 15, 2004
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is an important acute febrile systemic vasculitis disease. Various cytokines have been studied to evaluate the pathogenesis of vascular injury. Some cytokines have been implicated for vascular injury, but there has been no direct evidence. We compared cytokine profiles of KD with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura(HSP), and febrile infections. Methods : We investigated the serum concentrations of...
Factors Predictive of Response to Interferon-α Therapy in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B
Hong Kwon Kim, Bo Hwa Choi, Kyung Mo Kim, Kyung Hoon Kang, In Seok Lim, Eung Sang Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):514-519.   Published online April 15, 2000
Purpose : The efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha(IFN-α) therapy in children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) is similar to that of adults. However, little information is available about the predictive factors of response to this therapy in children. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for responsiveness to IFN-α therapy in children with CHB. Methods : The basal...
Decrease of Plasma Th2 Cytokines by Interferon(IFN) -γ Therapy in Atopic Dermatitis
Geun Woong Noh, Woo Gill Lee, Dong Hee Cho, Ki Young Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1128-1134.   Published online August 15, 1998
Purpose : Atopic dermatitis is characterized by reduced IFN-γ production and increased IL-4 production. As a result, IgE production increases in atopic dermatitis. In the previous studies, it was reported that recombinant IFN-γ therapy is effective in treatment of severe atopic dermatitis. In this study, changes of plasma IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 concentration by IFN-γ therapy were studied in...
Domonstration of in vivo and in vitro Changes of T Helper Lymphocytes by Using Cytokine Flow Cytometry
Yeom Kim, Youn Soo Hahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):883-892.   Published online July 15, 1998
Case Report
A Case of Chronic Granulomatous Disease Which is Improved by Interferon-γ Therapy
Jae Choon Kim, Soon Seong Park, Myung Ja Yun, Dong Hyuk Keum
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(7):1021-1025.   Published online July 15, 1997
Chronic granulomatous disease is a group of rare disorders characterized by a disease of oxidative metabolism of phagocytes with deficit of antimicrobial activity. Also, it has clinical features of chronic pyogenic infection, granuloma formation, hypergammaglobulinemia, anemia and leukocytosis. We experienced a case of chronic granulomatous disease with chronic recurrent infection, hypergammaglobulinemia and liver abscess. It was confirmed by modified NBT test. The result of patient' s...
Original Article
The Therapeutic Effect of Interferon-alpha Treatment in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B
Il Sang Jeong, Ki Sup Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(7):955-964.   Published online July 15, 1997
Purpose : The prevalance rate of chronic hepatitis B viral infection in children is high in our contry. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of and the factors predictive of response to interferon-alpha therapy in children with chronic hepatitis B. Methods : Thirty-two children with chronic hepatitis B werew admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine from...
Clinical and Histologic Changes in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection after Alpha Interferon Therapy
Kyung Mo Kim, Soo Jong Hong, Young Seo Park, Hyung Nam Moon, Chang Yee Hong, Joo Ryoung Huh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(9):1232-1241.   Published online September 15, 1995
Purpose : Several trials in children for chronic hepatitis B have shown the efficacy of alpha interferon in eliminating hepatitis B virus replication, accompanied by an improvement in the liver cell damage. But reports about the alpha interferon therapy are rare in Korean children and there is no report about histologic changes even with adult. So we tried to...
A Clinical Study on Chronic Hepatitis b in the Children
Bon Su Koo, Han Sang Joo, Yung Tak Lim, Hee Ju Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(6):767-775.   Published online June 15, 1994
The author observed clinical study and response of -interferon treatment of 43 cases of chronic hepatitis who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics Pusan National University College of Medicine during the period of 4 year 6 months from Jenuary, 1988 to Jun, 1992. The results were as follows: 1) Of 43 patients with chronic hepatitis CPH was 17 cases (39.5%) and CAH...
The Effect of Prolonged Treatment in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B with Combination of Alpha-Interferon and Acyclovir
Jeong Ok Hah, Kyoung A Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(12):1701-1706.   Published online December 15, 1993
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of prolonged treatment in children with chronic hepatitis B will combination of alpha-interferon and acyclovir. The study population consisited of & patients with chronic hepatitis B who showed histological findings compatible with chronic active hepatitis (4 cases) or chronic persistent hepatitis (3 cases) on liver biopsy and had elevated AST and ALT with...
The Effect of Low-Dosage Alpha-Interferon Therapy in Children with Chronic Active Hepatitis B.
Hee Kyung Kim, Sung Min Choi, Cheol Woo Ko, Kun Soo Lee, Ja Hoon Koo, Doo Hong Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(7):915-922.   Published online July 31, 1990
A clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of low-dosage recombinant a-interferon therapy in children with HBs Ag and HBe Ag positive chronic active hepatitis. Studied patients consist of 7 biopsy-proven children (aged 6.5-11.5 yr). After 16 weeks of therapy, following results were obtained. Out of 7 HBe Ag positive cases, 5 cases (71.4%) were converted to HBe Ag negative state. One of two...
Case Report
A Case of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in a Child Treated in a Interferon.
Ill Soo Ha, Jon Lin Rhi, Se Jung Sohn, Dug Ha Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(11):1232-1238.   Published online November 30, 1986
A child with Ph^positive chronic myelogenous leukemia was treated with human leukocyte interferon (Hu IFN-alpha). Hematologic remission was obtained in 16 weeks of treatment, and white blood cell count was decreased in number from 115,000 to 9,600. Platelet：count, spleen size, LDH and bone marrow M/E ratio were decreased in parallel, but there was no significant change in serum vitamin B12...
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