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Case Report
A Case of Acute Renal Failure Following Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in a Child
Sung-Wook Park, Kyung-Yil Lee, Kyung-Yil Lee, Kye-Nam Yoon, Sang-Won Cha, Dong-Jun Lee, Ji-Whan Han, Kyung-Tai Whang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(5):720-724.   Published online May 15, 2000
Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) therapy is associated with a number of complications, including rare acute renal failure(ARF). Although the cause of IVIG-associated ARF is unknown, it may be related to the stabilizing agent used in IVIG preparations. ARF following IVIG infusion has not been previously described in children. We report a 4-year-old girl with Kawasaki disease who suffered from ARF following IVIG...
Original Article
Outcome of Cardiac Complication in Patients of Kawasaki Disease Treated with High-dose Gammaglobulin
Hyang-Sook Kim, Jong-Tae Kim, Ji-Yon Lee, Jo-Won Jung, Ki-Soo Pai
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(5):658-666.   Published online May 15, 2000
Purpose : We performed the study to evaluate the risk factors associated with cardiac complication and the outcome of coronary lesions after high-dose(2g/kg, 1dose) gammaglobulin(IVIG) treatment in patients with Kawasaki disease(KD). Methods : Retrospective studies were performed on 338 cases of KD treated with high-dose IVIG at this hospital from May 1994 to March 1999. Results : Among 338 patients,...
Immunologic Alterations of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells by Intravenous Immunoglobulin in the Acute Stage of Kawasaki disease
Ji-Whan Han, Kyung-Yil Lee, Kyong-Su Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):813-824.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : High dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) therapy is effective in reducing the incidence of coronary artery aneurysm in Kawasaki disease(KD) patients, however, the precise mechanisms by which IVIG reverses the immune activation is unknown. Methods : The sera and peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were obtained from 10 KD patients in the acute stage(24 hrs before) and 24 hrs after one dose of IVIG(2g/kg) treatment. We measured...
Immunomodulation Therapy in Aplastic Anemia : Relapse Rate, Complications and Long-term Survival During Follow-up for More than 1 Year
Jun Ah Lee, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hyo Jeong Han, Hyoung Soo Choi, Eun Sun Yoo, Hee Young Shin, Joong Gon Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):775-784.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : We evaluated the response to immunomodulation therapy, long-term survival and relapse rate of aplastic anemia during follow-up for more than 1 year. Methods : Twenty-eight children, with moderate to severe aplastic anemia were followed for more than one year and 7 children expired after therapy, were analyzed. Antilymphocyte globulin(ALG) or antithymocyte globulin(ATG) by itself was given to 27 patients, and cyclosporine A(CsA)...
The Study of Transplacental Transfer of Immunoglobulin G in Premature Infants
Sung Soo Moon, Yoon Ki Kang, Soo Chul Cho, Jung Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):747-753.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Premature infants have low serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) levels because IgG is transplacentally acquired, primarily after 32-34 weeks of gestational age. We studied the transplacental transfer of serum IgG in preterm infants. Methods : The IgG levels in the sera were measured by radial immunodiffusion method(Behring nephelometer, Germany). Results : There was a significant difference between IgG concentration and gestational age; the IgG concentration increased...
Clinical Trial of 2g/kg/day of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Single Dose as Compared with 400mg/kg/day of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for 5days in Kawasaki Disease
Seok Hee Oh, Heung Tag Kim, Hae Jin Chech, Kyuchul Choeh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(11):1582-1587.   Published online November 15, 1997
Purpose : Since the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in Kawasaki disease was reported in 1984, the combined therapy of IVIG & oral aspirin has been popular. In early period, the protocol of 400mg/kg/day for 3-5 days of IVIG had been used, but rescently, the protocol of 2g/kg/day single dose has been preferred. So authers performed a clinical study to compare th efficacies...
Treatment of Intravenous Immune-Globulin Resistant Kawasaki Disease with Corticosteroids
Dae-Eui Hong, Kyung-Yil Lee, Ji-Whan Han, Sung-Soo Hwang, Kyong-Su Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(10):1453-1457.   Published online October 15, 1997
Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy of steroid therapy on prevention of development and progression of coronary artery aneurysm in intravenous immune globulin(IVIG)-resistant Kawasaki disease, we treated three children with high dose of intravenous methylprednisolone followed by low dose oral prednisolone. Methods : We selected three children with Kawasaki disease who did not repond or who initially responded but soon developed recrudescent fever after retreatment...
Prediction of Steroid Responsiveness in the Primary Nephrotic Syndrome Using Urinary β2-Microglobulin Level and N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase Activity
Kwang In Lee, In Seok Lim, Eung Sang Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(9):1285-1292.   Published online September 15, 1997
Purpose : Considering that renal biopsy is not routinely indicated in nephrotic syndrome in children and the risk of the procedure, we studied that it is possible to predict steroid responsiveness in nephrotic syndrome and the difference in responsivenss is related with the histopathologic type using urinary β2-microglobulin and N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase activity as a safe and noninvasive method. Methods : We measured serum creatinine, albumin, cholesterol...
The Change of Anti-HBs Titer after Injection of HBIG and HBV in Newborn Delivered from HBsAg Carrier Mothers
Qoae Suk Roh, Jin Young Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(8):1141-1148.   Published online August 15, 1997
Purpose : We studied prevention effects of vertical transmission of Hepatitis B with follow-up, through the change of Anti-HBs titers during 9 months after injection of Hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG) and Hepatitis B vaccine(HBV) at birth in newborn delivered from Hepatitis antigen carrier mothers. Methods : This study was performed on newborn delivered from HBsAg carrier mothers at Hae Sung Hospital from Feb. 1995 to May...
A Study on Clinical Application of Harada's Scoring Method to Kawasaki Disease - Suggesting the revision of the criteria for IVGG treatment of KD in Korea -
Byoung Kil Han, Hyong Shin Lee, Hong Ryang Kil, Heon-Seok Han, Jae Ho Lee, Young Hun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(4):539-548.   Published online April 15, 1997
Purpose : We performed a study on clinical benefits of Harada's scoring method, problems of present criteria and requirement of the revision of that criteria for intrvenos γ-globulin(IVGG) treatment of Kawasaki disease(KD) in Korea. Methods : The patients of 104 cases who visited to Department of Pediatrics of Chungnam National University Hospital and diagnosed as KD were objective group. We classified the...
Case Report
A Case of Nezelof's Syndrome
Hyeon Tae Kim, Nok Hong Kim, Eun Yeong Seol, Ki Hyun Chun, Kung Ho Lee, Mun Ki Cho, Kung Ran Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(11):1620-1626.   Published online November 15, 1996
Nezelof's syndrome(combined immunodeficiency with immunoglobulin) is a hereditary primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent chronic pulmonary infections, oral and cutaneous candidiasis, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, skin infection, urinary tract infection, gram-negative sepsis, severe progressive varicella infection, lymphopenia, diminished lymphoid tissue, abnormal structure of the thymus, and presence of normal or increased levels of one or more of the major immunoglobulin classes, but with impaired antibody...
Original Article
Immunologic Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Kawasaki Disease after Intravenous Gamma Globulin Therapy
Jung Yeon Shim, Kyung Mo Kim, Young Hwue Kim, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):712-721.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is multi-systemic vasculitis and coronary artery abnormalities can develop up to 30 percent in untreated patients. Several observations suggest that immune activation and the secretion of cytokines from immune effector cells contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. Though high dose intravenous gamma globulin(IVGG,>1 gm/kg) is effective in reducing the prevalence of coronary artery aneurysms in KD,...
The Optimal Dosages of Gammaglobulin and Aspirin in Treating Kawasaki Disease
Seung Baik Han, Jong Woon Choi, Soon Ki Kim, Sei Woo Chung, Jeung Gyu Kim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):703-711.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : There are some disagreements about the optimal dosages of intravenous gammaglobulin(IVGG) and oral aspirin(ASA) in the treatment of Kawasaki disease. So authors performed a prospective clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of IVGG 1g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/day. Methods : We treated 29 patients who were admitted to Inha University Hospital from June 1993 through May 1994 with IVGG 1g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/d. We...
Immunologic Abnormalitiesin Kawasaki Diseaseand the Effect ofIntravenousImmunoglobulin
Joon Sung Lee, Bin Cho, Sung Hoon Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):691-702.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : It has been suggested that immunologic abnormalities play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular injury in Kawasaki disease and the immunologic abnormalities could be regulated by high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG). We investigated the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, the serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and the effect of high-dose IVIG(400 mg/kg/day for 5 days) on these factors during acute stage of...
β2-Microglobulin is a Sensitive Marker for Predicting Renal injury in Childhood Urinary Tract Infection
Won Uk Lee, Byung Moon An, IL Soo Kim, Eun Ryoung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):665-672.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : Urinary tract infection(UTI) in children may be cause of end stage renal failure and hypertension. So, early detection of renal scar, vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) and anomaly, and proper management are important. We carried this study to observe the significance of 24 hours urine β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) for predicting renal injury and correlation of β2-MG with the grade of VUR. Methods : We...
Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin(IVIG) on Renal Function in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Hwa Young Jang, Haeng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(4):475-481.   Published online April 15, 1996
Purpose : This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of IVIG infusion on renal function in VLBW infants. IVIG has been proved quite safe in neonates given prophylactic and therapeutic doses. But nephrotoxicity is not recognized as adverse in IVIG therapy, only several previous adult cases have been noted. Methods : For a total of ten VLBW infants who had...
Serum 2-microglobulin and Retinol Binding Protein and Urine 2-microglobulin and 1-microglobulin in Early Neonatal Period
Jong Duck Kim, Jae Kak Choi, Yong Hwoe Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(9):1176-1184.   Published online September 15, 1995
Purpose : For evaluation of usefulness of the serum .2-microglobulin(B2MG), retinol binding protein(RBP), urine 1-microglobulin(A1MG), and B2MG on neonatal renal function and renal tubular injuries, we detected and compared these values in 20 neonates. Methods : They were grouped into premature neonate, gestational age was 30-50 weeks(group Ⅰ), and full term neonate, gestational age was 38-40 weeks(group Ⅱ), The group Ⅱ...
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Levels in Children with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Duk Hi Kim, Mi Jung Park, Ho Sung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(7):963-969.   Published online July 15, 1995
Purpose : Sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) is produced in liver and binds to testostero-ne and estradiol. Plasma SHBG levels are increased by estrogen and thyrotoxicosis and decreased by testostrone, insulin, growth hormone, prolactin, obesity and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. SHBG levels in patients with NIDDM is known to be higher than normal, but SHBG levels in children with IDDM is controversial....
A Study about Optimal Dose of Aspirin in Treating Kawasaki Disease
Yun-Jeong Chang, Seung-Kyoo Han, Soon-Ki Kim, Byong-Kwan Son, Jong-Woon Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(3):378-385.   Published online March 15, 1995
Purpose : A prospective study was performed to evaluate the efficacies of two different dosages of aspirin(ASA) in treating Kawasaki disease(KD). Methods : Thirty-nine children with KD were admitted to this hospital from July, 1992 to May, 1993, and were assigned randomly into 2 groups. Group A(medium-dose group, 20 patients) was given 50mg/kg/d(# 4), and group B(high-dose gorup, 19 patients) was...
Case Report
A Case of Congenital Agammaglobulinemia
Sang Yong Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Jin Han Kang, Joon Sung Lee, Sang In Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(1):99-103.   Published online January 15, 1995
Congenital agammaglobulinemia was described first among all human immunodeficiencies, and characterized by defect of B lymphocyte maturation and severe panhypogammaglobulinemia. These patients frequently acquire infections with high-grade extracellular pyogenic pyogenic organisms since infancy. We experienced a case of congenital agammaglobulinemia in a 10 years old male. He had history of recurrent pneumonia and purulent otitis media since late infancy. Also he...
Original Article
Comparison of Therapeutic Result of Oral Corticosteroid Versus Intravenous Gammaglobulin in Childhood Acute ITP
Jong-Hwan Kim, Hae-Won Kim, Hong-Ja Kang, Woo-Sik Chung, Kil Seo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(12):1717-1724.   Published online December 15, 1994
A clinical study was conducted to compare effectiveness of IV Globulin with that of steriod in childhood acute ITP. We carried out an experiment to 36 patients of acute ITP who recovered over 50,000/mm3 of platelet count and not to recur in 6 months. Study group consist of 10 children who were treated with steriod only (Group A), 13 children who were...
Antilymphocyte Globulin Therapy for Aplastic Anemia in Children
Soo Jong Hong, Hee Young Shin, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(11):1526-1539.   Published online November 15, 1994
Immunosuppressive therapy based on the use of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) has become standard therapy for patients with aplastic anemia who are not eligible for bone marrow transplantation. In this study, T cell subsets before and after ALG therapy, hematologic responses, complications and prognostic factors were analysed. Eleven (42%) out of twenty-six patients treated with ALG showed response, but...
Effect of IVIG Treatment on Renal Function in Neonates
So Yeon Kim, Haeng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(10):1414-1419.   Published online October 15, 1994
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of intraveneous immunoglobulin(IVIG) infusion on renal function in neonates. IVIG has provided quite safe in neonates given therapeutic doses. But nephrotoxicity is not a recognized adverse events of IVIG therapy, only several previous adult cases having been described. A total twenty five neonates suspected sepsis was randomely assigned to IVIG(n=12) or control(n=13) group. Neonates...
Effect of Perinatal Asphyxia and Gentamicin on Urinary β2-microglobulin Concentration and Renal Function in Fullterm Neonates
Hoo Jae Hann, Seung Joo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(7):976-985.   Published online July 15, 1994
Perinatal asphyxia can cause ischemic injury to immature kidney of neonates. Proximal renal tubule is the most sensitive area, showing various manifestations ranging from mild reversible injury to irreversible tubular necrosis. Aminoglycosides can be nephrotoxic in therapeutic range in immature or damaged kidney. These are the very important factors to be taken into corsideration on fluid therapy and nephrotoxic drugs...
A Study on Serum Immunoglobulins and Complements in Newborn Infants by Gestational Weeks
Ji Eun Lee, Kyung Hyo Kim, Kyung Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(11):1555-1561.   Published online November 15, 1993
The author investigated serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and complements (C3) of cord blood in 74 cases of normal fulterm infants and 50 cases of premature infants. Serum immunolglobulin and complement levels were measured by the single radial immunodiffusion method. The following results were obtained ; 1) The mean serum IgG levels of cord blood in 74 cases of the normal...
Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Prophylaxis of Neoneatal Sepsis in the Premature Infants
K.H. Hur, S.H. Kim, H.S. Kim, M.J. Chey, K.H. Kim, H.S. Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(11):1534-1541.   Published online November 15, 1993
Newborn premature babies have low levels of transplacentally acquired maternal immunoglobulin which is mostly transferred after 32∼34weeks gestation, therefore they may have IgG deficiencies that incerase their susceptibillity to bacterial infection. We preformed this study to determine whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy improves mortality or infection occurrence rate. From 1 october 1991 to 31 july 1992, 73premature newborn iffants with gestational age≤34weeks...
Changes of IgG Subclasses in the Sera of the Children with Kawasaki Disease
Seog Beom Cho, Sun Kyu Park, Pyoung Han Hwang, Jung Soo Kim, Sa Hyoung Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(9):1197-1202.   Published online September 15, 1993
Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of infancy and early childhood characterized by high fever, rash, mucositis, lymphadenopathy and coronary artery damage. The failure to indentify a causative organism using convetional culture and serological techniques, and the lack of response to antibiotics indicate that the disorder is probably not due to any known bacterial or viral pathogens. During...
High-Dose Intravenous Immune Globulin Therapy for Hyperbilirubinemia Caused by ABO Incompatibility
Dong Sung Kim, Dong Un Kim, Ji Whan Han, Sung Soo Whang, Kyung Yil Lee, Man Kyu Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(8):1073-1079.   Published online August 15, 1993
Four newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia, caused by ABO blood group incompatibility, were treated with high-dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). As soon as the diagnosis was clinically suspected, these infants received conventional treatment including phototherapy and were monitored closely for bilirubin levels. When bilirubin concentrations reached the risk point in spite of pjototherapy, IVIG was given at a dose of 1g/kg for...
The Usefulness of Measuring Serum α-fetoprotein and Thyroxine-binding Globulin to Differentiate between Neonatal Hepatitis and Congenital Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia
Soo Kyoung Lee, Ki Sup Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):512-520.   Published online April 15, 1993
Together, neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia make up approximately 70 to 80% of the causes of neonatal cholestasis. Biliary atresia must be differentiated from neonatal hepatitis as soon as possible in order to institute early surgical intervention. We performed this study to examine whether the measurement of the serum α-fetoprotein(AFP) and thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG) was useful for differentiating these two conditions....
The Factors on the Development of Coronary Arterial Involvement in Kawasaki Disease
Sang Yen Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Jong In Byun, Won Bae Lee, Byung Churl Lee, Kyung Tai Whang, Kyong Su Lee, Sung Hoon Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(10):1328-1335.   Published online October 15, 1992
In Kawasaki disease, coronary arterial involvement is an important prognostic factor. Many studies have reported about risk factors of coronary artery disease in Kawasaki disease. This study was designed to evaluate factors influencing coronary arterial involvement and to evaluate the effect of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVG) when admitted on the widely used criteria in Korea. Fiftyfour patients meeting the CDC criteria...
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