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Review Article
Developmental and Behavioral Medicine
Spontaneous movements as prognostic tool of neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a narrative review
Hyun Iee Shin, Myung Woo Park, Woo Hyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(11):458-464.   Published online May 16, 2023
· Spontaneous movements can be useful to evaluate neuronal integrity in preterm infants.
· In General Movements Assessment, continuous cramped synchronized movements and absent fidgety movements can indicate high-risk infants for cerebral palsy.
· Recent advances in machine learning techniques have led to the automated prediction of cerebral palsy based on infantile spontaneous movements.
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight infants in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan: importance of neonatal intensive care unit graduate follow-up
Yumi Kono; on behalf of the Neonatal Research Network of Japan
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(7):313-321.   Published online November 9, 2020
· Very low birth weight infants remain at high risk of developing neurodevelopmental impairments in early childhood.
· It is important to establish a network follow-up protocol and complete assessments with fewer dropouts to enable clarification of the outcomes of registered infants.
· All possible strategies should be employed to maintain good compliance after neonatal intensive care unit discharge.
Original Article
Neurology
Comparison of conservative therapy and steroid therapy for Bell’s palsy in children
Hye Won Yoo, Lira Yoon, Hye Young Kim, Min Jung Kwak, Kyung Hee Park, Mi Hye Bae, Yunjin Lee, Sang Ook Nam, Young Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(10):332-337.   Published online September 12, 2018

Purpose: Bell’s palsy is characterized by sudden onset of unilateral facial weakness. The use of corticosteroids for childhood Bell’s palsy is controversial. This study aimed to identify clinical characteristics, etiology, and laboratory findings in childhood Bell’s palsy, and to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of children under 19 years of age treated for Bell’s...
Endocrinology
The effect of low-dose intravenous bisphosphonate treatment on osteoporosis in children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy
Soon Jeong Moon, Young Min An, Soon Ki Kim, Young Se Kwon, Ji Eun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(12):403-407.   Published online December 22, 2017
Purpose

Quadriplegic children with cerebral palsy are more susceptible to osteoporosis because of various risk factors that interfere with bone metabolism. Pamidronate is effective for pediatric osteoporosis, but there are no guidelines for optimal dosage or duration of treatment in quadriplegic children with osteoporosis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose pamidronate treatment in these patients.

Methods

Ten quadriplegic patients on antiepileptic...

Case Report
A case of idiopathic isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy in a Korean child
Ji Hoi Yoon, Kyung Lae Cho, Hae Jung Lee, Seo Hui Choi, Kyung Yul Lee, Sung Koo Kim, Jun Hwa Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(12):515-517.   Published online December 31, 2011

Hypoglossal nerve palsy (HNP) is an uncommon neurological abnormality that can provoke characteristic clinical signs, including unilateral atrophy of the tongue musculature. We present the case of a healthy 11-year-old Korean male who was admitted to the outpatient department of our institution with acute onset dysarthria, tongue fasciculations, and right-sided tongue weakness upon awakening. His evaluation included a virology work-up,...

Original Article
The relationship between the time from arrival at a hospital to delivery and the occurrence of cerebral palsy in premature infants of less than 34 weeks of gestational age
Jae Woong Whang, A Lum Heo, Soo Hyun Koo, Hae Jung Lee, Jun Wha Lee, Joo Seok Lee, Kyung Lae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(11):1228-1233.   Published online November 15, 2009
Purpose : This study aimed to evaluate whether a shorter time from the arrival at a hospital to delivery is related to the occurrence of cerebral palsy in premature infants of less than 34 weeks of gestational age. Methods : We studied 142 newborns of less than 34 weeks of gestational age. The time from the arrival at the hospital...
Case Report
Facial palsy as the presenting symptom of acute myeloid leukemia in children: Three cases with stem cell transplantatio
Hee Jo Baek, Dong Kyun Han, Young Ok Kim, Ic Sun Choi, Tai Ju Hwang, Hoon Kook
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(6):713-716.   Published online June 15, 2009
Facial palsy as the presenting symptom of leukemia is very rare, especially in acute myeloid leukemia. A review of the medical literature identified reports on 8 children with AML who had facial paralysis as the presenting sign. Whole brain irradiation (WBI) has been applied in most cases. We present the cases of 3 such children. Achieving a remission without WBI,...
Original Article
Usefulness of DTI-based three dimensional corticospinal tractography in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Ji Hyun Yeo, Su Min Son, Eun Sil Lee, Han Ku Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(1):99-104.   Published online January 15, 2009
Purpose : Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging-based three-dimensional fiber tractography (DTI-FT) is a new method which demonstrates the orientation and integrity of white matter fibers in vivo. However, clinical application on children with cerebral palsy is still under investigation. We present various abnormal patterns of DTI-FT findings and accordance rate with clinical findings in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, to...
Improved survival rate with decreased neurodevelopmental disability in extreme immaturity
Ga Won Jeon, Myo Jing Kim, Sung Shin Kim, Jae Won Shim, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park, Mun Hyang Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1067-1071.   Published online November 15, 2007
Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine whether improved survival of extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI) was associated with decreased neurodevelopmental disability later in life, and also to identify the factors influencing this disability. Methods : ELBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Samsung Medical Center, survived, and followed up until the corrected age...
Incidence, clinical features and prognosis of Bell's palsy in children
Yoo Jong Won, Kyung Hee Moon, Wan Soo Lee, Seung Woon Keum, Taek Yu, Gyung Jae Oh, Chang Woo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):272-276.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Bell's palsy is defined as an idiopathic facial nerve paralysis of sudden onset. In spite of intensive clinical and experimental investigation, there is still uncertainty in the incidence, etiology, and preferred mode of treatment in children. The objective of this study was to analyze clinical outcome and prognosis of children with Bell' palsy. Methods : We analyzed 61 cases...
Changes of neurodevelopmental outcomes and risk factors of very low birth weight infants below 1,500 g, in the last 10 years
Se Kyu Lee, Ji Hyun Lee, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(10):1050-1055.   Published online October 15, 2006
Purpose : As a result of advances in neonatal intensive care and perinatal care, neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight infant(VLBWIS) is expected to lead to improvement. The aim of this study was to report neurodevelopmental outcomes and risk factors of neurologic impairment of very low birth weight infants during the past 10 years. Method : We performed a retrospective...
Review Article
Motor delay : cerebral palsy
Ho Jin Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(10):1019-1025.   Published online October 15, 2006
Motor delay, when present, is usually the first concern brought by the parents of children with developmental delay. Cerebral palsy that is the most common motor delay, is a nonspecific, descriptive term pertaining to disordered motor function that is evident in early infancy and is characterized by changes in muscle tone, muscle weakness, involuntary movements, ataxia, or a combination of...
Original Article
Clinical study in children with cerebral palsy associated with or without epilepsy
Yongjoo Ahn, Hyejeon Chung, Suk Youn, Euihyun Cho, Sajun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(5):529-532.   Published online May 15, 2006
Purpose : To study the spectrum of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Methods : A total of 93 consecutive patients with cerebral palsy(CP) were retrospectively suited. Criteria for inclusion were a follow-up period of at least 2 years. The study examined the correlation between the incidence of epilepsy and seizure types in the different forms of CP. Other factors associated...
Cord blood Cytokines on the Development of Cerebral Palsy in Premature Infant
Ki Dae Kim, Byeong Hee Son, Chang Whan Oh, Jung A Lee, Sung Won Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(12):1293-1299.   Published online December 15, 2004
Purpose : This study was performed to determine the relation between cord blood plasma cytokines responses and development of cerebral palsies in premature infants. Methods : Interleukin-1β(IL-1β), Interleukin-6(IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were measured using ELISA kits in premature infants(n=60) who were admitted to St. Benedict Hospital from September 2001 to June 2003. Retrospective study was done by review of medical records. Results...
Clinical Studies of Cerebral Palsy
Won Sik Kang, Kyong Whoon Cheon, Byeong Hee Son, Sung Won Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(4):512-518.   Published online April 15, 2002
Purpose : Cerebral palsies are the most common and severe motor disabilities in childhood. There is currently increased interest in their occurrence and patterns of likely cause for a variety of reasons. Therefore, a retrospective study was carried out to understand the clinical features of cerebral palsy. Methods : A retrospective chart review was conducted of all children with cerebral palsy...
Case Report
A Case of Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome
Ok Ja Jeong, Se Wook Oh, Se Chang Ham, Yong Won Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1608-1612.   Published online December 15, 2000
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome was initially described by Ramsay Hunt in 1907 as herpes zoster of the geniculate ganglion. The frequency of RHS in patients with herpes zoster has been calculated to be about 1%. RHS affects mostly adults; however a small number of children with herpes zoster oticus have been reported. We describe a case of RHS in a healthy...
Original Article
A Study on the Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcome by Cranial Ultrasound in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants
Ji Young Rha, Chang Yee Cho, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1037-1045.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : Recent progress in neonatal medicine increased the survival of preterm low birth weight infants. However, neurodevelopmental sequelae are ever increasing. We carried out this study to determine whether serial cranial ultrasonographic findings could predict neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods : Four hundred and forty-one preterm low birth weight infants, who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Chonnam University...
Case Report
A Case of Unilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis with Brachial Plexus Palsy in the Neonate
Hae Joong Yoon, Kyeung Ho Park, Sang Hee Kim, Kye Whan Seul, Gil Hyun Kim, Hak Soo Lee, Chang Young Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(4):553-557.   Published online April 15, 1998
The diaphragm is especially important in sustaining minute ventilation in the neonate. Consequently, diaphragmatic paralysis is not tolerated well by the neonate and often results in prolonged respiratory failure. We experienced a case of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis with the brachial plexus palsy in a male newborn infant who presented with apnea and cyanosis due to birth asphyxia. After endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilaton was started....
Original Article
Cerebral palsy, Periventricular echodensity, Cyst, Intraventricular hemorrhage
Kyeung Ho Park, Sang Hee Kim, Hyung Won Lee, Kil Hyun Kim, Hak Soo Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Young Seok Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(9):1210-1218.   Published online September 15, 1997
Purpose : Although neonatal intensive care and development of obstetrics play a role in improving survival rate in prematurity, cerebral palsy(CP) is still one of the neurologic sequelae. We tried to find what kinds of risk factors in the patients with abnormal neurosonographic findings who developed CP later. This study was performed to predict early enough who will develop CP later and to treat...
Periventricular Leukomalacia: Electroencephalographic Features and Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Hee Jung Chung, Young Rae Kim, Mun Chul Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(4):530-542.   Published online April 15, 1996
Purpose : Periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) is associated with the characteristic neurologic sequale of spastic diplegia or quadriplegia, and cortical blindness. So early diagnosis of PVL in the neonatal period is of importance because of the prognostic implications of this lesion. Novotny et al reported that Positive Rolandic Sharp waves(PRS) on the EEGs was a marker of PVL because most infants who...
Case Report
A Case of Infectious Mononucleosis Associated with Facial Nerve Palsy
Ho-Suk Lee, Jin-Park , Il-Soo Kim, Sung-Ho Cha, Byoung-Soo Cho, Chang-Il Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):579-582.   Published online April 15, 1993
Infectious Mononucleosis is a common sysemic illness primarily invloving children and young adults and due apparently to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Although the typical case is easily recogniged, unusual manifestations or serious complications occur frequently enough to pose problems in diagnosis and management. Neurologic complications are rare(1%). These nerologic complications may actually precede the full clinical picture or presen: as the sole...
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