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Review Article
Cardiology
Research trends on causes of Kawasaki disease in the COVID-19 era: focus on viral infections
Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(1):1-11.   Published online June 22, 2022
· The etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) is unclear, but its clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological characteristics are strongly associated with infectious diseases.
· In the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic era, viruses are attracting the most attention. Sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection causes various hyperinflammation in children that require differentiation from KD.
· Immune responses in patients with KD may be induced by host cell damage. To effectively prevent and treat KD, the genetic background and immune responses of KD patients and triggering pathogens require identification.
Original Article
Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with Kawasaki disease
Sun Young Park, Young Hyun Kim, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(11):434-439.   Published online November 22, 2015
Purpose

Kawasaki disease involves acute febrile systemic vasculitis that can cause a variety of symptoms by affecting various organs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence, causes, and prognosis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurring in children with Kawasaki disease.

Methods

Patients who were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and received inpatient treatment in the Pediatrics Department at one of three university hospitals in...

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease mimicking malignant lymphoma with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT in children
Ji Eun Kim, Eun Kyung Lee, Jae Min Lee, Soon Hwan Bae, Kwang Hae Choi, Young Hwan Lee, Jeong Ok Hah, Joon Hyuk Choi, Eun Jung Kong, Ihn Ho Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(5):226-231.   Published online May 31, 2014
Purpose

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign disease, which is characterized by a cervical lymphadenopathy with fever, and it often mimics malignant lymphoma (ML). 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is a powerful imaging modality for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of ML, with the limitations including the nonspecific FDG uptake in infectious or inflammatory processes. This study compared clinical...

Clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease with sterile pyuria
Ja Yun Choi, Sun Young Park, Kwang Hae Choi, Yong Hoon Park, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(1):13-18.   Published online January 29, 2013
Purpose

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis and affects many organ systems. It often presents sterile pyuria, microscopic hematuria, and proteinuria due to renal involvement. The aims of this study were to define clinical characteristics of acute KD patients with pyuria and to analyze meaning of pyuria in KD.

Methods

The medical records and laboratory findings including serum and urine test of...

Case Report
Neuro-Behçet disease presented diplopia with hemiparesis following minor head trauma
Ja Yun Choi, Sun Young Park, In Ok Hwang, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(9):354-357.   Published online September 14, 2012

Behçet disease (BD) is rare in childhood. We report a 9-year-old boy with neuro-Behçet disease who presented diplopia and weakness on the left side after a cerebral concussion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintensity of the right mesodiencephalic junction on T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. Prednisolone administration resulted in complete remission and normalization of abnormal MRI finding....

Original Article
Early assessment of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes
So-Yoon Park, Seok Jeong Kang, Kwang Hae Choi, Yong Hoon Park, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(7):747-753.   Published online July 15, 2008
Purpose : Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Early atherosclerotic changes in the arterial walls begin in adolescence and the risk factors are associated with its development. To assess the usefulness of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), as a marker of early atherosclerosis, we evaluated the structural and functional characteristics of the carotid...
Clinical characteristics and progress of Kawasaki disease patients who had early treatment with intravenous immune globulin
So-Yoon Park, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(10):1005-1010.   Published online October 15, 2007
Purpose : To determine the optimal time of high dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) treatment, we analysed the clinical characteristics and progress of a group of Kawasaki disease patients who had early treatment with IVIG. Method : A retrospective study was conducted of 188 patients with Kawasaki disease who were admitted to Yeungnam University Medical Center from January 2000 to December...
Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP): a useful marker for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in Korean children with cancer
Hyun Dong Lee, Jae Min Lee, Yong Jik Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Jeong Ok Hah
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(8):774-780.   Published online August 15, 2007
Purpose : The anthracyclines (AC) are widely used chemotherapeutic agents for pediatric cancers. However, the therapeutic use of these agents is limited by their cardiotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels as a marker for AC-induced cardiotoxicity compared to echocardiography in Korean children with cancer. Methods : Fifty-five pediatric...
Clinical Analysis of the Pediatric Patients Seen in the Emergency Medical Center
Hee Jung Lee, So Yoon Park, Young Hwan Lee, Byung Soo Do, Sam Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1061-1067.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : We studied a clinical analysis of pediatric patients who visited the emergency medical center of Yeungnam University Hospital to compare the characteristics of pediatric emergency patients after year 2000 with the previous studies. Methods : We reviewed 7,034 children under the age of 15 years who visited the emergency medical center of Yeungnam University Hospital during the 2...
Evaluation of Intrauterine Growth in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease
Ji Hyun Yeo, Hee Jung Lee, Eun Sil Lee, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):746-750.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : Intrauterine growth retardatation(IUGR) is very important because of high mortality and morbidity in the neonatal period. We studied the intrauterine growth retardation pattern in neonates with congenital heart disease(CHD). Methods : One hundred seventeen cases with CHD(acyanotic, 73 cases; cyanotic, 44 cases) who had no other congenital malformation or maternal diseases that might affect fetal growth were enrolled in...
Is Acute Nonspecific Mesenteric Lymphadenitis Associated with Acute Abdominal Pain in Epidemic Aseptic Meningitis?
Hae Rim Kim, Kiyoung Ku, Young Hwan Lee, Sin Kam, Jin-Bok Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(6):623-627.   Published online June 15, 2004
Purpose : Acute abdominal pain in an epidemic aseptic meningitis which is mostly an enterovirus as causative agent, is noted in 23-55% of patients. An enterovirus is also known as one of the causes of acute nonspecific mesenteric lymphadenitis(ANML). The purpose of this study was to see if ANML was associated with acute abdominal pain in epidemic aseptic meningitis. Methods :...
The Changes of Production of RANTES and Gro-α in Kawasaki Disease
Young Hwan Lee, Hyun Kyung Lee, Bo Hyeong Lee, Sun Yoon Jung, Hee Sun Kim, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(9):1002-1011.   Published online September 15, 2001
Purpose : Kawasaki disease is probably driven by abnormalities of the immune system after infectious insult. In this report, a clinical review with laboratory parameters and the changes of the plasma levels of chemokines(RANTES and Gro-α) was undertaken according to the clinical stage of Kawasaki disease. Methods : This investigation included 74 samples from 21 patients(10 boys, 11 girls; mean age, 27.8 months) with Kawasaki...
Clinical Analysis of Pediatric Death in Emergency Room
Bo Hyeong Lee, Mi Jung Kim, Hyun Kyung Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Kwang Hae Choi, Seok Hun Song, Sam Beom Lee, Byung Soo Do
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(9):987-991.   Published online September 15, 2001
Purpose : Sudden, unexpected pediatric death triggers acute grief in most survivors. In this study, we analyzed the pediatric death in emergency room in order to find out the factors for minimized unexpected pediatric death and increase awareness of these conditions. Methods : We performed a review on the records of 63 patients under the age of 16 years who died before and after...
Evaluation of the Severity in Patients with Bronchial Asthma Using FEF25-75%
Sun Yoon Jung, Eun Sil Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Han Ku Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):916-921.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : Spirometry, because of its simplicity and reproducibility, has been used to evaluate pulmonary function in childhood asthma. We investigated whether FEF25-75% is the most sensitive parameter among other spirometric parameters in the diagnosis of pulmonary function and airway obstruction. Methods : This study included 32 children with asthma. We recorded values of spirometry(FVC, FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25-75%) before and...
Effects of Patent Ductus Arteriosus on Right Ventricle in Premature Infants : by M-mode and Doppler Echocardiography
Eun Jeung Kim, Eun Sil Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Son Moon Shin, Jeong Ok Hah
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):734-740.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Patent ductus arteriosus, derived left to right shunt flows, elevate the pulmonary artery pressure in infants and children and may alter right ventricular afterload thereby right ventricular function. Therefore, we examined the effects of patent ductus arteriosus on the right ventricular systolic time interval in premature infants by non-invasive Doppler echocardiography. Methods : Tweleve premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus were studied...
Effect of Nebulized Steroid(Budesonide) and Parenteral Steroid(Dexamethasone) on Children with Croup
Seon Mee Ahn, Jung Ae Sohn, Chul Zoo Jung, Dong Jin Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Yong Hoon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(4):497-504.   Published online April 15, 1997
Purpose : This prospective study was conducted to evaulate the effect of nebulized steroid(budesonide) and parenteral steroid(dexamethasone) on chidren with croup. Methods : Twenty nine infants and children(6months-5years of age) admitted to hospital with croup were randomly assigned to receive either 1mg(4ml) of nebulized budesonide(17 patients) or 0.6mg/kg intramuscular injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate(12 patients). Total croup score, heart rate...
Plasma Levels of Oral Methotrexate in Children Receiving Maintenance Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Soo Kwan Lee, Kih Yeon Song, Young Hee Hwang, Young Hwan Lee, Jeong Ok Hah, Chun Dong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(7):936-943.   Published online July 15, 1993
This study was conducted to investigate plasma levels of oral methotrexate in rabbits and children receiving maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia. Eight New Zealand white rabbits, weighing 2kg in body weight, were divided into 3 groups and 5mg of methotrexate from 3 different manufactorying company was administered to the each group rabbits via nasogastric tube. Time to peak concentration ranged from...