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Original Article
Airway Compression or Airway Anomaly Causing Respiratory Symptoms in Infants and Children with Cardiovascular Diseases
Ja-Hyeong Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, So-Eun Koo, Sung-Jong Park, Young-Hui Kim, In-Suk Park, Jae-Kon Ko, Dong-Man Seo, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):737-744.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Infants and children with cardiovascular diseases often present with respiratory symptoms. However, missed or delayed evaluation for potential airway problem may complicate overall prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics of these patients and explore the cause of airway problem. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 64 patients(M : F=33:31, mean...
Clinical Study of Acute Pyogenic Osteomyelitis in Children
Ji Sook Park, Jeong Suk Yeom, Sun Chul Hwang, Eun Sil Park, Ji Hyun Seo, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Shang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):731-736.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Acute pyogenic osteomyelitis is uncommon in children. Delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment are leading to growth failure and deformation. We review the clinical manifestations and treatment of acute osteomyelitis in children according to age. Methods : A retrospective analysis was made of 32 patients who underwent antibiotic management or operation between Aug 1989 and Dec 2003 for acute...
Etiology and Clinical Features of Viral Lower-respiratory Tract Infections in Children in Winter, 2003
Byung Ho Yun, Hee Chul Lee, Jung Mi Chun, So Young Yoon, Woo Gill Lee, Son Moon Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):723-730.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : This study was performed to characterize the etiology and clinical features of acute viral lower-respiratory tract infections(LRI). Methods : Etiologic agents and clinical features of acute viral LRI were studied from October. 2003 through March. 2004 in hospitalized children with LRI(253 cases) at Samsung Cheil Hospital. The viruses were identified by indirect immunofluorescent method. Medical records of patients with...
Etiology of Community-acquired Bacteremia in Healthy Children
Hyung Tae Kim, Hyun Oh Jang, Jin Soo Moon, Seung Yeon Nam, Dong Wook Kim, Chong Guk Lee, Chong Rae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):716-722.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : A full view of the spectrum of all bacterial diseases in healthy children is essential to the establishment of public health priorities. Accurate information on the relative importance of the various pathogens in terms of the age of the affected patients, the site of infection and the case fatality rate are valuable to the clinician in choosing antimicrobial...
The Effects of Early Enteral Feeding in Extremely Low Birth-Weight Infants
Ga Won Jeon, Sung Eun Park, Chang Won Choi, Jong Hee Hwang, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):711-715.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : With the recent improved survival of extremely low birth weight infants(ELBWI), enteral feeding has become a major issue. This study investigates the effects of early enteral feeding in ELBWI on their morbidity, duration of hospitalization, and mortality. Methods : ELBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Samsung Medical Center from November 1994 to April 2004 who survived...
Investigation of Automated Neonatal Hearing Screening for Early Detection of Childhood Hearing Impairment
Jeong Il Seo, Si Uk Yoo, Sung Hyeon Gong, Kwang Su Hwang, Hyeon Jung Lee, Joong Pyo Kim, Hyeon Choi, Bo Young Lee, Ji Sun Mok
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):706-710.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Early diagnosis of congenital hearing loss through the neonatal hearing screening test minimizes language defect. This research intends to identify frequency of congenital hearing loss in infants through neonatal hearing screening test with the aim of communicating the importance of hearing test for infants. Methods : From May 20, 2003 to May 19, 2004, infants were subjected to Automated...
Clinical and Cytogenetic Analysis of Children with Maternal Chromosomal Balanced Translocation
Han Hyuk Lim, Hee Jeong Jeong, Kyung Duk Park, Sook Ja Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):701-705.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Parents' genetic information plays an important role in their children's genetic expression. Human chromosome has 23-paternal chromosomes and 23-maternal chromosomes. Parental chromosomal translocation can induce clinical problems in their children because of imbalance in genetic information. We intent to analyze the cytogenentic and clinical features about children with maternal balanced translocation between chromosome 15 and 18. Methods :...
Validity of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA) in Measurement of Human Body Composition
Hyung Suck Kim, Su Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):696-700.   Published online July 15, 2005
Propose : Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) is a very useful method of analysing body composition. BIA is non-invasive, inexpensive, nonhazaedous and reproducible technique. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement between body composition measurement by BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Methods : Data was examined in 100 children(male 58; female 42), who visited Pusan...
Medical Lecture Course
Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics
Jae Sung Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):691-695.   Published online July 15, 2005
There is scientific evidence that administration of probiotics is effective in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in children and the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and nosocomial/ community acquired diarrhea. Probiotics prevent relapse of recurrent pouchitis and decrease the initial onset of pouchitis in ulcerative colitis. Probiotic organisms suppress growth of pathogens as well as their epithelial attachment and/or...
Clinical Lecture
Twins
Oh Kyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):685-690.   Published online July 15, 2005
Recently, twinning rate increases in Korea since the early 1990s by delayed marriage and prevailing of assisted reproductive technology. But twin and higher-order multiples are at increased risk for perinatal and neonatal mortality over 5 fold despite of dramatic improvement of perinatal and neonatal care. Because twins are born more prematurely and have lower birth weights than singleton. In addition,...
Case Report
Prevention and Dissociation of the Platelet Aggregation in a Patient with EDTA-dependent Pseudothrombocytopenia by Supplementation of Kanamycin : A Case Report
In-sang Jeon, Sung Wan Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):675-677.   Published online June 15, 2005
Pseudothrombocytopenia is usually associated with anticoagulant ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The platelet clumping that occurs in EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (EDPT) can sometimes be prevented by the use of other anticoagulants such as heparin or sodium citrate. As an alternative, we used kanamycin before or after the withdrawal of EDTA-anticoagulated blood in a 6-year-old boy with EDPT. Kanamycin used supplementarily during the...
A Case of Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Confirmed by Gene Analysis
Eun Young Cho, Jin Hee Oh, Dae Kyun Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):669-674.   Published online June 15, 2005
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a disorder in which the secretion of antidiuretic hormone is normal, but the response of the renal collecting tubules to vasopressin is impaired. Compared with acquired NDI (a-NDI), which is secondary to chronic bilateral incomplete urinary tract obstruction with hydronephrosis, congenital NDI (c-NDI) is a very rare heritable disorder that usually follows the X- linked...
A Case of Infantile Hemangioendothelioma of the Liver Treated with Hepatic Embolization and Lobectomy
Jae Seon Kim, Soo Kyung Moon, Hye Sun Yoon, Tae Seok Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):660-664.   Published online June 15, 2005
Infantile hemangioendothelioma(IHE) of the liver is the most common vascular tumor in infants before the age of 6 months. It is a histologically benign tumor with potentially life-threatening complications. The clinical manifestations are variable, ranging from asymptomatic forms to intractable high-output heart failure. In addition, abdominal mass, intraperitoneal hemorrhage due to rupture of mass, respiratory distress, hematologic abnormalities and jaundice...
A Life-Threatening Case of Tubular Esophageal Duplication Complicated with Aneurysm of the Aorta
Yeon Kyung Jung, Gyeong Hoon Lee, Hai Lee Chung, Ki Sung Park, Kyung-Jae Jung, Chang Ho Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):655-659.   Published online June 15, 2005
Esophageal duplication cysts are rare congenital lesions that occur as a result of a failure in the tubulation of the esophagus. They are most frequently single, tubular, or cystic. They may cause compressive symptoms or may be discovered incidentally on chest radiographs. They become symptomatic when complications develop. Symptoms often are related to the location of the duplication; esophageal lesions...
Original Article
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Monitoring Cerebral Hemodynamics in Hyperbilirubinemia-induced Newborn Piglets
Jong Hee Hwang, Chang Won Choi, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):649-654.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : The present study examined how changes in cerebral hemodynamics in newborn piglets with bilirubin infusion can be evaluated by near infrared sepctroscopy(NIRS). Methods : Seventeen newborn piglets were randomly divided into the following three experimental groups : six in the control group(CG); seven in the bilirubin infusion group(BG), and four in the bilirubin infusion with 7-nitroindazole group(NG). To...
The Clinical Significance of Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1(sICAM-1) and Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1(sVCAM-1) in Kawasaki Disease
Kang Won Rhee, Sin Weon Yun, Dong Keun Lee, Eung Sang Choi, Byung Hoon Yoo, Mi Kyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):640-648.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) is known as an acute multi-systemic vasculitis with various immunologic abnormalities. Adhesion of leukocyte to endothelial cells is a key event in the sequence of inflammatory response. This study was performed to investigate the clinical significance of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in acute and subacute stages of typical...
DNA Methylation Change of IL-4 Gene from T Cell in Allergic Children
Jae Won Oh, Myung Gul Yum, Chang Ryul Kim, In-Joon Seol, Su A Shin, Ha Baik Lee, Se Jin Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):634-639.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : An understanding of the immunological process is required if primary prevention of atopic diseases is to be developed in early childhood. But, it is too hard to distinguish atopy from nonatopy under the age of two clinically, because the expression of phenotype and cytokines is vague in early childhood. We evaluated DNA methylation changes at Th2 interleukin-4 gene...
Human Leukocyte Antigen(HLA) Genotypes and Thyroid Autoimmunity in Korean Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
So Young Kang, Chung Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang, Myoung Hee Park, Jeesuk Yu
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):624-633.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : This study analyzed the expression of HLA-DR and DQ genotypes and anti-thyroid autoantibodies[anti-thyroid peroxidase(TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin(TG) antibodies] in Korean patients with type 1 diabetes(T1DM) to investigate the susceptible HLA alleles to T1DM in Korea and the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies and their significance for the development of thyroid disorders. Methods : A total of 59 Korean patients with type...
Bacteremia in Pediatric Cancer Patients : Causative Organisms and Antibiotic Sensitivities
Yong-Han Kim, Hyun-Dong Lee, Jeong-Ok Hah
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):619-623.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Bacteremia in immunocompromised pediatric cancer patients can lead to high morbidity and mortality, if not treated early and properly. The incidence and antibiotic sensitivities to common pathogens of bacteremia in pediatric cancer patients are liable to change, according to region and time. We investigated the causative organisms and antibiotic sensitivities of bacteremia in pediatric cancer patients to assess...
The Value of Serum Concentration of Cystatin C as a Marker for Glomerular Filtration Rate in Children and Adolescents
Young-Su Jung, In-Seok Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):614-618.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Cystatin C has been proposed for the assessment of glomerular filtration rate, being more accurate than creatinine determination. We measured serum cystatin C concentrations in the pediatric population, and analysed the correlation between cystatin C and glomerular filtration rate. Methods : Cystatin C and creatinine were measured by the particle enhanced nephelometric immunoassay and Jaff method, respectively, in...
A Clinical Study of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children, from 1994 to 2003
So Eun Koo, Hyewon Hahn, Young Seo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):606-613.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis(APSGN) is a common form of glomerulonephritis in children. Most patients recover completely after the acute phase but a few patients have acute complications or progress to chronic renal disease. In recent years, the frequency of APSGN has been was decreasing but is still common in children. So we studied the clinical characteristics of APSGN from...
Clinical Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Children
Jung-Min Ko, Eun-Ju Ha, Eun-Hee Lee, So-Youn Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, Seong-Jong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):599-605.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the causes, clinical courses and outcomes in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), and evaluate the physiologic variables as prognostic factors in the patients. Methods : Retrograde medical chart review was carried out in 24 patients who were diagnosed with ARDS at the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) during 20-month period. Results...
Comparison of Efficacy of Steroid Oint with Different Potency in Phimosis
In Ok Hwang, Eun Sil Lee, Yong Hoon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):594-598.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin of the penis over the glans of the penis. Even though phimosis is not pathogenic, the presence of phimosis is known to increase the risk of urinary tract infection in infancy. The use of topical steroids has been advocated as a safe and economical alternative to surgical intervention. The purpose...
Pulmonary Function Test and Body Composition Analysis in Obese Children
Jee Seon Shin, Ji Hye Park, Ji Young Kim, Su Jung Kim, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):588-593.   Published online June 15, 2005
Purpose : Obesity is associated with disturbances of ventilatory functions in adults. But few studies have evaluated the pulmonary complications of obesity in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of obesity on pulmonary function and body composition in obese children. Methods : Forty seven obese children whose ages ranged from nine to twelve...
Medical Lecture Course
Proliferative and Synthetic Responses of Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma
Jung Yeon Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):580-587.   Published online June 15, 2005
New evidence is emerging that airway smooth muscle(ASM) may act as an immunomodulatory cell by providing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, polypeptide growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, cell adhesion receptors and co-stimulatory molecules. ASM can promote the formation of the interstitial extracellular matrix, and potentially contribute to the alterations within the extracellular matrix in asthma. In addition, extracellular matrix components can...
Clinical Lecture
Common Urinary Symptoms in Outpatient Clinic - Voiding Dysfunction in Children -
Kee Hyuck Kim, Young Sig Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):575-579.   Published online June 15, 2005
Urinary incontinence is the most common urinary symptom in children and causes considerable anxiety in children and parents. In most cases, there is no underlying organic pathology and the long- term prognosis is excellent. Despite these reassuring facts, children with wetting problems can be a challenge for primary pediatrician. This is probably because the problem is poorly understood, there is...
Erratum
A Case of Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets, Type 1
Ji Hye Hur, Chong Guk Lee, Chung Wook Sur
Accepted January 1, 1970  
"Rickets" is the term applied to impaired mineralization at epiphyseal growth plate, resulting in deformity and impaired linear growth of long bones. Rickets may arise as a result of vitamin D deficiency or abnormality in metabolism. Vitamin D-dependent rickets(VDDR) is rare autosomal recessive disorder in which affected individuals have clinical features of vitamin D deficiency. In 1961, Prader first described...
Case Report
A Case of Chylous Mesenteric Cyst in a Neonate
Hyun Taek Lim, Jung Hwa Lee, So Hee Lee, Jeong Eun Kim, Seong Jin Hong, Young Chil Choi, Sang Yun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(5):569-571.   Published online May 15, 2005
Mesenteric cysts are one of the least common intraabdominal lesions, which are very rare in neonates. Among mesenteric cysts, a chylous cyst is the rarest one of all. This entity can be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract from the duodenum to the rectum. Mesenteric cysts may be asymptomatic and found on routine examinations, or can present with symptoms such...
A Case of Acute Renal Failure Caused by Rhabdomyolysis due to Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma in Children
Jeong Won Kwak, Jae Min Oh, Su Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(5):565-568.   Published online May 15, 2005
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma complicated in diabetes mellitus has been a rare cause of rhabdomyolysis, although increasingly reported recently. Acute renal failure can be complicated in 15 percent of rhabdomyolysis patients, but is rare in the case of rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic hyperosomolar nonketotic coma. We report a 14 years-old boy with acute renal failure complicated by rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic...
Isolated 3-Methylcrotonyl CoA Carboxylase Deficiency Detected by Newborn Screening Program Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Ju Young Kwak, Jun Young Park, Kyung A Nam, Sang Hi Son, Son Sang Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(5):561-564.   Published online May 15, 2005
Isolated deficiency of 3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase is a rare disorder of the catabolic pathway for leucine and many patients have mild symptoms or no symptom. However, the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in newborn screening has revealed an unexpectedly high incidence of this disorder. We report an asymptomatic premature infant with isolated 3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase deficiency detected by newborn screening...
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