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Original Article
Serum Adiponectin Levels and Insulin Resistance in Obese Children
Hee-Sun Lee, Jin Lee, Min-Joo Kang, Byung-Min Choi, Kee-Hyoung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(5):481-487.   Published online May 15, 2005
Purpose : Adiponectin, adipose tissue-specific protein, has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. It has been found to have a negative correlation with obesity and to play a role in modulating glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Serum adiponectin concentrations are decreased in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the difference in adiponectin levels between obese and non-obese children, and...
Evaluation of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor(IGF)-I, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein(IGFBP)-2 and IGFBP-3 Levels in Healthy Korean Children
Gi Hoon Yang, Hye Lim Jung, Deok Soo Kim, Jae Won Shim, Jung Yeon Shim, Moon Soo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(3):298-305.   Published online March 15, 2005
Purpose : We performed this study to evaluate the mean serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)-2 and IGFBP-3 in healthy Korean children according to age and sex. Methods : Ninety two healthy children, consisting of 42 boys and 50 girls, were classified into five groups according to age : neonate; infancy; early childhood; late childhood;...
Prevalence of the Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children
Sung Woog Hwang, Duk Hee Kim, Ho Seong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):13-20.   Published online January 15, 2005
Purpose : Obesity is, along with metabolic syndrome, closely related with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This study tried to evaluate the prevalence of nonalcoholic liver disease in obese children and verify the factors associated with the disease. Methods : Two hundred and seventy nine children who showed a body mass index of 95 percentile over the baseline in health examinations...
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children
Jin Ha Chang, Duk Hee Kim, Ho-Seong Kim, In Kyoung Choi, My Young Cheong, Dong Kee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(11):1149-1156.   Published online November 15, 2004
Purpose : Obesity has been known to be a cause of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and along with coronary artery disease and diabetes, is associated with metabolic syndrome(MS). This study aimed to ascertain the cause and prevalence of MS in obese children and adolescents. Methods : Two hundred and seventy-seven school children, who showed more than a 95th percentile of body...
The Tumor Suppressor Function of PTEN/MMAC1 through the Regulation of IGFs and IGFBPs
Ho Keun Yi, Dong Jin Hwang, Sun Young Kim, Dae Yeol Lee, Pyoung Han Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(8):884-891.   Published online August 15, 2004
Purpose : PTEN/MMAC1, a novel tumor suppressor gene, is mutated in a variety of advanced and metastatic cancers. It acts as a phosphatase, and thereby, regulates the PI-3 kinase/Akt pathway. In this study, we examined to evaluate the new function of anti-tumor effects of PTEN/MMAC1 through the regulation of the IGFs-IGFBPs in gastric cancer cells. Methods : PTEN/MMAC1 was expressed in...
Effects of Insulin Level on Dyslipidemia in Children with Simple Obesity
Jung Sub Lim, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(6):764-772.   Published online June 15, 2002
Purpose : Obesity is closely related to insulin resistance, compensatory hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia in adults. We identified the effect of obesity measured by BMI and insulin resistance on dyslipidemia in children and adolescents. Methods : The fasting serum insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol were measured and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) was calculated in 35 children with simple obesity(age :...
Relationship between Serum Leptin Levels and Other Predictors in Obese Children
Se Jin Park, Ki Won Park, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(10):1103-1111.   Published online October 15, 2001
Purpose : The product of the ob gene, leptin is an adipocyte specific hormone that might be involved in the regulation of food intake by the central neuroendocrine system. Recent studies reported that serum leptin concentrations were correlated with Body mass index(BMI) and other obesity measurements. The aims of this study were to evaluate leptin concentrations according to degree of...
Risk Factors for Fatty Liver in Obese Children
Ki Won Park, Jong Eun Lee, Kyung Ha Ryu, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Gyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Jeong Hyun Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(6):669-676.   Published online June 15, 2001
Purpose : The incidence of obese patients has increased recently in Korea. Obesity is associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and fatty liver. Since recent investigators have revealed that not only fat accumulation but also fibrosis and nonspecific hepatitis can be found in the livers of obese children, fatty liver is currently considered as an important complication. The purpose of...
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Children
Su Jin Cho, Se Jin Park, Il Tae Hwang, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(5):493-500.   Published online May 15, 2001
Purpose : Obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. The importance of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia have been emphasized in obesity. Homocysteine is an emerging important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adult, but there are less reports about homocysteine in children. Several risk factors such as blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum...
Clinical Evaluation of Hypoglycemic Symptoms Reported by Children with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus and by Their Parents
Byeong Eul Lee, Hwa Young Park, Cheong Mi Cheon, Eun Kyeong Kwon, Seung Mee Song, Jung Sim Kim, Dong Kyu Jin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(4):450-455.   Published online April 15, 2001
Purpose : The following study has been carried out to find the symptoms of hypoglycemia and the symptoms of transient focal neurologic deficit, which were complained by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients and their parents. Methods : The subjects of this study were 16 insulin dependent diabetic patients who were admitted to the pediatric department of Samsung Medical Center. From the...
Factors Influencing the Onset of Honeymoon Period in Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Jin Soon Hwang, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1106-1110.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : Type I diabetes mellitus(DM) is an autoimmune disease which decreases insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cell. The honeymoon period in type I DM is known to be related to the partial recovery of C-peptide and preservation of pancreatic β-cell function. The aim of this study was to determine factors influencing the onset of honeymoon period in children with type...
Insulin-like Growth Factor(IGF)-I and IGF-Binding Protein-3 in Relation to Hemoglobin Concentration in Healthy Infants
Yoon Ki Kang, Dae-Yeol Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):967-973.   Published online July 15, 2000
Purpose : Insulin-like growth factor(IGF-I) and IGF binding protein(IGFBP)-3 is thought to play an important role in fetal erythropoiesis. The objective of this study was to establish a relation between IGF-I, free IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3 with hemoglobin level in healthy term, 3-month, and 12-month old infants. Methods : Healthy term infants(n=20) were enrolled at birth, as well as 3 months(n=30) and 12 months(n=30) of...
Serum Leptin Levels in Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Sil Lee, Han Ku Moon, Yong Hoon Park, Yong Woon Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):550-555.   Published online April 15, 2000
Purpose : Leptin is a highly hydrophobic 16-kDa protein encoded by the ob gene which is expre- ssed in adipocytes and participates in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. The aims of the present study were to examine the comparison of leptin levels between type I diabetes mellitus(DM) patients who received exogenous insulin therapy and healthy children, and...
Medical Therapy in Children with Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy(PHHI)
Hyun-Jeong Kim, Mi-Jeong Kim, Hwa-Sook Shin, Jung-Sim Kim, Mie-Ryung Uhm, Si-Hwan Ko, Suk-Hyang Lee, Dong-Kyu Jin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(2):253-259.   Published online February 15, 2000
Purpose : Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy(PHHI), which is characterised by inappropriate insulin secretion in spite of hypoglycemia, needs urgent treatment to prevent cerebral hypoglycemic damage. Although pancreatectomy is the treatment of choice for PHHI, there are several complications which follow treatment. We suggest that aggressive medical therapy, when effective, is preferable to partial pancreatectomy. Methods : We evaluated 8 patients...
Usefulness of Minimal Model Analysis : Measurement of Insulin Sensitivity, Glucose Effectiveness, and Insulin Secretory Capacity from Pancreatic Islet Cells in Children with Simple Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Se Young Kim, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(4):561-570.   Published online April 15, 1999
Purpose : It is known that insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia from pancreatic islet cells to overcome insulin resistance could develop in children with simple obesity. When insulin resistance is aggravated by decompensation of high insulin secretion, obese children frequently progress to overt type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM). The purpose of the present study was to measure insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness,...
Anthropometric Measurement of Newborn in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Kyung Hoon Kang, Seong Won Yang, Hye Kyung Han, Woo Gill Lee, Mi Na Lee, Hak Chul Jang, Il Soon Hwang, Eun Sung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(3):339-347.   Published online March 15, 1999
Purpose : To find the anthropometric characteristics of newborn in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), and the relationship between the birth weight and anthropometric measurements of newborn, maternal body habitus and glycemic control in GDM group. Methods : Maternal weight, height, and obstetric history of 82 women with GDM and 93 women with normal glucose tolerance were recorded at the...
Profile of Insulin, Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors in Human Cord Blood According to Birth Weight
Hye Young Kim, Dae Yeol Lee, Soo Chul Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(11):1484-1490.   Published online November 15, 1998
Purpose : Insulin-like growth factors(IGFs) are mitogenic peptides that are essential for fetal and maternal tissue growth during pregnancy. They circulate primarily with serum IGF-binding protein(IGFBP) which regulates the availability of IGFs to their specific target tissue. This study was performed to examine the relationships between birth weight and IGFs, insulin and growth hormone in the sera of cord blood...
Case Report
A Case of Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome
Kyung Ah Choi, Ji Yeoun Kang, Chul Hoe Koo, Wha Mo Lee, Young Suk Jeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(9):1299-1303.   Published online September 15, 1998
When dysfunction of two or more endocrine glands occurs in association with circulating organ specific antibodies directed against the involved glands, the term polyglandular autoimmune(PGA) syndrome is applied. This syndrome is usually classified into three groups. The autoimmune nature of this disease has been based on the presence of lymphocytic infiltration of the affected glands, organ specific autoantibody in serum,...
Original Article
Growth Status and Levels of Growth Factors in Children with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
So Chung Chung, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1102-1110.   Published online August 15, 1998
Purpose : It is well known that the linear growth velocity in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(type 1 DM) is closely related to metabolic control and onset age of the disease. Many studies have demonstrated growth impairment in children with type 1 DM, regardless of the degree of metabolic control, whereas other studies have found no growth retardation. Therefore, we...
The Characteristics of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3(IGFBP-3) in Serum; The Diagnostic Utility of IGFBP-3 in Growth Hormone Deficiency
Ki-Joong Kim, Jeh-Hoon Shin, Young-Ik Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(11):1594-1599.   Published online November 15, 1996
Purpose : For diagnosis of growth hormone(GH) deficiency in short stature, peak growth hormone levels after pharmacologic stimulation are usually used. In this study, we measured serum IGFBP-3, which is a major binding protein in serum and is considered to be GH-IGF-I axis dependent, levels by radioimmuno assay(RIA) in sera from normal short stature(NSS) children, and patients with GH deficiency children to clarify the...
Relation of Umbilical Cord Blood Insulin/C-peptide to Neonatal Anthropometric Measures in Offspring of Mother with Normal Glucose Metabolism
Sun Young Kho, Hye Kyung Han, Mi Ryung Uhm, Kyung Hoon Kim, Mi Na Lee, Hak Chul Jang, Moon-young Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(11):1520-1526.   Published online November 15, 1996
Purpose : We tried to find the relationships between the fetal beta-cell function and neonatal birth weight, anthropometric measures, and maternal characteristics, and to observe role of insulin as fetal growth factor in offsprings of mothers who have normal glucose metabolism. Methods : We measured umbilical cord blood insulin and C-peptide concentrations in 236 neonates delivered at Cheil General Hospital from Jan. 1 to...
Case Report
A Case of Mauriac's syndrome
Se Young Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Sei Won Yang, Yong Choi, Hyung Ro Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(7):1020-1024.   Published online July 15, 1996
Mauriac's syndrome was described in the 1920s, as a triad of poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, profound growth retardation, and hepatomgaly. Following the wide availability of insulin and intensification of diabetic control, this entity has become quite rare. A 9-year-old female child was transferred to pediatric OPD of SNUCH because of hyperglycemia, short stature, and visual disturbance. Five years prior to admission, she...
Original Article
Serial Changes of Blood Glucose Levelsin IDDM Patients Using Intermediate-acting Insulin only Therapy
Ye Sik Kim, Mi Jung Park, Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(4):552-557.   Published online April 15, 1996
Purpose : We investigated the clinical characteristics of IDDM patients, treated with NPH only, and evaluated current problems by measurement of serial blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide for 12 hours after administration of intermediate-acting insulin. Methods : We studied 19 IDDM patients who had been diagnosed and followed up on a regular basis at Severance hospital. They were assigned into 2 groups, one(HbA1c...
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Levels in Children with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Duk Hi Kim, Mi Jung Park, Ho Sung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(7):963-969.   Published online July 15, 1995
Purpose : Sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) is produced in liver and binds to testostero-ne and estradiol. Plasma SHBG levels are increased by estrogen and thyrotoxicosis and decreased by testostrone, insulin, growth hormone, prolactin, obesity and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. SHBG levels in patients with NIDDM is known to be higher than normal, but SHBG levels in children with IDDM is controversial....
Clinical Study on Insulin Dependent Diabetes mellitus
Seog Beom Cho, Kwang Rae Lee, Chang Beom Shin, Oh Kyung Lee, Chong Duk Kim, Oh Kyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(6):827-834.   Published online June 15, 1995
Purpose : Insulin dependet diabetes mellitus(IDDM) is a rare disease in children, but it will progress rapidly and falls into a diabetic ketoacidosis or coma. Unfortunately, the characteristics and prevalence rate of children with IDDM are not well known in Korea. With a view to recognizing its importance, we studied clinical course of IDDM patients in Chonbuk province, Korea. Methods : From...
Body Composition of Children and Adolescents with Insulin-dependetn Diabetes Mellitus
Hye Young Kang, Mi Jung Park, Duk Hi Kim, You Kyung Park, Jong Ho Lee, Ho Seong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(12):1709-1716.   Published online December 15, 1994
Bodycomposition measurement is useful in the diagnosis of pathoogy, assessment of disease process and response to treatment in many endoclonologic and metabolic diseases. The Techniques used currently are mostly indirect, often expensive, difficult and time-consuming. A new method for estimation of body composition, infrared interactance, is rapid, safe, noninvasive, and may be useful in research ad clinical studies. Body composition was...
Characteristics of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Serum; Pattern of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (Large Complex) in Short Stature Patients with Complete Growth Hormone Deficiency
Jin Nyoung Park, Byung Deok Seo, Jeh Hoon Shin, Soo Ji Moon, Sung Yeoul Chang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(11):1548-1559.   Published online November 15, 1994
To elucidate the complex of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs) in short stature patients, we carried out a prospective study on three patients who were diagnosed as complete GH deficiency at the department of pediatrics form July 1992 to June 1993. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Two circulating IGFs complexed to specific binding protein existed in normal serum. Binding...
The Growth Hormone-Binding Proteins in Human Serum: Partial characterization and Regulation
Ji Young Suh, Bu Hun Lee, Jeh Hoon Shin, Hang Lee, Seong Ryul Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(10):1427-1436.   Published online October 15, 1994
We assessed abotu growth homone binding proteins(GHP|BP) activity which was measured eluted biotin GH fraction with alkaline phosphatase-streptavidine in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM), short stature due to growth hormone deficiency(GHD), chronic renal failure, short stature due to nutritional deficiency. Hypothyroidism, and noraml control groups using high pressure liquid chromatography protein pak 300 sw column. The following results are observed: 1)...
Case Report
A Case of Miescher Syndrome with Insulin-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus
Byung Min Choi, Jong Kwang Lee, Kee Hwan Yoo, Joo Won Lee, Soon Kyum Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1292-1295.   Published online September 15, 1994
Miescher syndrome comprises congenital acanthosis nigricans, hypertrichosis, failure to thrive and short stature, dysmorphism especially of the jaws and oral cavity. Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus, and a characteristic general appearance. This report concerns a rare case of 12-year-old girl having insulin resistant diabetic mellitus with Miescher syndrome. The relevant literature was reviewed.
Pancreatic Islet-cell Adenoma
Ji Hong Kim, Ho Seong Kim, Duk Hi Kim, Hyun Yee Im, Chan Il Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(6):870-876.   Published online June 15, 1993
Pancreatic islet cell adenoma is a benign tumor of pancreatic β-cell and a rare cause of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in chidren. The autors experienced a case of pancreatic islet cell adenoma(Insulinoam) in a 11 year and 8 month old male who had frequent loss of consciousness and seizuere. Enucleation was done after localiztion of tumor by selective celiac artery angiography and abdominal...
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