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"Most viewed" Articles are from the articles published in 2024 during the last six month.
- Original Article
- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of children with systemic lupus erythematosus
(2,229 times)
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Karnchanit Sausukpaiboon, Nuanpan Penboon, Pornpimol Rianthavorn
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(6):454-462. Published online February 3, 2025
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Question: What is the acceptance rate for coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination among parents of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Finding: One-third of parents were hesitant to vaccinate their child. Parental willingness to vaccinate themselves, older patient age, and belief in the vaccine's potency were associated with vaccine acceptance.
Meaning: These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve vaccine acceptance among parents of children with SLE. |
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- Infection
- Carbapenem resistance in gram-negative pathogens in an Iranian hospital: high prevalence of OXA-type carbapenemase genes
(2,220 times)
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Setareh Mamishi, Reihaneh Hosseinpour Sadeghi, Sadaf Sajedi Moghaddam, Babak Pourakbari, Shiva Poormohammadi, Maryam Sotoudeh Anvari, Shima Mahmoudi
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(1):65-72. Published online October 31, 2024
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Question: What is the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria and associated carbapenemase genes?
Findings: This study identified a notable prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative isolates, with Escherichia coli being the predominant contributor, follow ed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, while bla OXA48 was the most prevalent carbapenemase gene.
Meaning: These findings highlight the urgent need for proactive measures including the rapid detection of carbapenemase- producing isolates and effective infection control. |
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- Endocrinology
- Anthropometric trajectories of Korean children and adolescents with severe obesity
(2,202 times)
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Jeongho Han, Hakyung Lee, Dong Jun Ha, Jieun Lee, Yong Hee Hong, Hwa Young Kim, Jaehyun Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(6):508-517. Published online April 10, 2026
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Question: How do body mass index (BMI) and metabolic markers change over time in severely obese Korean children and adolescents receiving only lifestyle modifications?
Finding: Among 124 participants, BMI z scores decreased modestly over 2.6 years, primarily in younger prepubertal boys. However, most remained severely obese, with minimal improvement in body composition or metabolic markers.
Meaning: Lifestyle interventions alone have limited efficacy for severe pediatric obesity. Early and more intensive treatments are required. |
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- Pulmonology
- Association of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor gene and growth differentiation factor 15 gene polymorphisms and their circulating levels with respiratory distress syndrome among preterm neonates
(2,143 times)
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Ali Helmi Bakri, Mohammed H. Hassan, Khaled Abdalla Abd-Elbaseer, Mahmoud Abo-Alhassan Sayed, Ahmed Alamir Mahmoud Abdallah, Eman Ahmed Abd-Elmawgood
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(9):680-689. Published online April 1, 2025
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Question: Do macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels and their gene polymorphisms affect RDS among preterm babies?
Finding: Significantly higher serum MIF and GDF-15 levels were observed in patients with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The mutant G- and C-alleles of GDF-15 rs4808793 C>G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and MIF rs755622 G>C SNP were present at significantly higher frequencies in preterm neonates with RDS.
Meaning: MIF and GDF-15 play a significant role in neonatal RDS and its severity. |
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- Editorial
- Basic Research
- Stem cell mining: urine cells to biobanking
(2,128 times)
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Yong Joo Ahn
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(10):761-762. Published online September 24, 2025
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· A safe and accessible source of somatic cell generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in pediatric neurogenic disorders
· A noninvasive and simple method for isolating urine cells, which can effectively reprogram into pluripotent stem cells using episomal vectors
· Establishing a urine-derived iPSC bank as a reliable and scalable resource for disease modeling, therapeutic testing, and personalized medicine in pediatric neurogenic disorders. |
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- Clinical Note
- Genetics and Metabolism
- Happle-Tinschert syndrome in an infant: clinical, radiologic and genetic correlation
(2,100 times)
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Belén Rodríguez-Sanchez, Francisco Javier Narbona-Cárceles, Jorge Martín-Nieto-González, Marina de la Puente-Alonso, Luis Zamarro-Díaz, Luis Jiménez-Briones, Julia Suárez-González, Francisco Arias-Lotto, Minia Campos-Domínguez
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(2):182-185. Published online January 20, 2026
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- Original Article
- Cardiology
- Comparative analysis of adolescent hypertension definitions for predicting early adulthood carotid artery intima-media thickness: Tehran lipid and glucose study
(2,098 times)
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Maryam Barzin, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Maryam Mahdavi, Behnaz Abiri, Majid Valizadeh, Fereidoun Azizi, Pooneh Dehghan, Farhad Hosseinpanah
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(12):694-703. Published online September 12, 2024
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Question: What is the prevalence of HTN among adolescents enrolled in the TLGS according to 3 different accepted definitions (4th report, ESH, and AAP-CPG). Also, what is the ability of each of these definitions in predicting early adulthood CIMT, as a surrogate for cardiovascular disease events?
Finding: The highest and lowest prevalence of stage 1 HTN was observed with the AAP-CPG (17.7%) and ESH (8.8%), respectively. Similarly, the highest and lowest prevalence of stage 2 HTN was noted with the AAP-CPG (1.5%) and ESH (0.8%), respectively. The highest to lowest predictive abilities belonged to the 4th report, ESH, and AAP-CPG, respectively.
Meaning: Among the various definitions of pediatric HTN, the 4th report offered the best ability to predict a high CIMT during early adulthood, followed by the ESH and AAP-CPG. |
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- Editorial
- Allergy
- Advancements in food allergen immunotherapy: improving quality of life and reducing risks
(2,056 times)
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Jihyun Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(12):672-674. Published online July 31, 2024
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· Pediatric food allergies considerably impair patient and family quality of life, particularly those with persistent allergies to common food allergens.
· Recent research has focused on developing diverse approaches to food allergen immunotherapy, showing promising outcomes of oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immuno therapies.
· Critical considerations in immunotherapy candidate selection underscore the need for personalized approaches and reliable biomarkers in future studies to improve treatment outcomes. |
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- Allergy
- Prioritizing maternal sleep: a public health strategy for preventing childhood allergic diseases
(2,038 times)
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Eunchae Lee, Seohyun Hong, Dong Keon Yon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(1):22-25. Published online December 18, 2025
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Sleep disorders affect more than half of pregnancies worldwide and can harm maternal health and offspring outcomes. Prioritizing maternal sleep as a public health strategy may help prevent prenatal and pediatric allergic diseases and reduce their burden. Other maternal health strategies may also reduce the burden of offspring allergic diseases, while adequate maternal sleep is associated with other offspring outcomes, underscoring its importance as a key public health strategy. |
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- Editorial
- Cardiology
- What we should know about pediatric heart failure: children are not small adults
(2,004 times)
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Ja-Kyoung Yoon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(1):62-64. Published online November 6, 2024
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· Pediatric heart failure (PHF) features high morbidity and mortality rates.
· Although adults and children can share a common diagnosis of heart failure, the underlying causes can differ significantly and require distinct therapeutic approaches.
· Treatments designed for adults are often applied to PHF despite the fundamental physiological and developmental differences between them.
· Child-specific data are vital for the development of tailored treatments to meet the unique needs of patients with PHF. |
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- Neurology
- Expanding association between BICD2 variants and brain malformations and associated lissencephaly
(1,946 times)
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Jaeso Cho, Haeryung Kim, Seoungbok Lee, Jihoon G Yoon, HyeJin Kim, Minhye Kim, Seoyun Jang, Woojoong Kim, Soo Yeon Kim, Jong Hee Chae
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(1):54-56. Published online December 21, 2023
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- Editorial
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Advancements and challenges in neonatal resuscitation: embracing laryngeal mask airways for improved outcomes
(1,943 times)
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Jang Hoon Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(4):298-299. Published online November 28, 2024
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Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is the most critical intervention provided during delivery room resuscitation. In the new guidelines, this recommendation has been expanded to suggest the use of laryngeal mask airyway (LMA) versus face masks for PPV. Evidence-based information and hands-on training related to this practice will help more healthcare providers become familiar with and appropriately use LMA during delivery room resuscitations. |
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- Original Article
- Pulmonology
- Ciclesonide shows a lung-protective effect in neonatal hyperoxia-exposed rats
(1,937 times)
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Victoria Mielgo, Miguel A. Gomez-Solaetxe, Lara Olazar, Begoña Loureiro, Carmen Rey-Santano
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(12):1023-1030. Published online October 2, 2025
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Question: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most prevalent chronic lung disease of prematurity. Numerous nonpharmacological/pharmacological interventions have been investigated without clear consensus. Can ciclesonide, a new synthetic glucocorticoid, effectively treat BPD?
Finding: Ciclesonide mitigated hyperoxia-induced lung injury and right ventricular hypertrophy in newborn rats.
Meaning: These findings suggest that postnatal ciclesonide may be an alternative to existing corticosteroids for the treatment of BPD. |
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- Clinical Note
- Genetics and Metabolism
- Expanding genotype-phenotype correlation of Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 1
(1,907 times)
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Manuela Lo Bianco, Federica Sipala, Xena Giada Pappalardo, Gaia Fusto, Roberta Rizzo, Federico Favata, Carla Cimino, Silvia Marino, Martino Ruggieri, Agnese Suppiej, Simone Ronsisvalle, Raffaele Falsaperla
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(8):616-619. Published online May 12, 2025
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- Original Article
- Critical Care Medicine
- Telemedicine outcome of mechanically ventilated children in Brazilian pediatric intensive care units
(1,888 times)
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Aristóteles de Almeida Pires, Luciano Remião Guerra, João Ronaldo Mafalda Krauzer, Luciane Gomes da Cunha, Mariana Motta Dias da Silva, Vanessa Cristina Jacovas, Hilda Maria Rodrigues Moleda Constant, Taís de Campos Moreira, Paulo Márcio Pitrez, Felipe Cezar Cabral
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(2):140-149. Published online October 23, 2025
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Question: Telemedicine interventions in Brazilian public pediatric intensive care units effectively address the challenges related to specialized care provision in resource-limited settings.
Finding: The implementation of telemedicine significantly reduced overall mortality rates among mechanically ventilated children (from 20.7% to 10.4%) and increased ventilator-free days from 3 (interquartile range, 0–7) to 4 (interquartile range, 2–8) days.
Meaning: These findings support telemedicine as a viable strategy for enhancing pediatric critical care in public health systems, particularly by improving patient outcomes. |
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- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Protective effect of recombinant interleukin-10 on newborn rat lungs exposed to short-term sublethal hyperoxia
(1,875 times)
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Hyeon-Soo Lee, Young-Joon Ryu, Min-Jae Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(10):540-549. Published online September 27, 2024
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Lung injury is generated from the early stage of hyperoxia through the biologic effects of cell death and inflammatory response, which eventually leads to evolution of bronchopul-monary dysplasia. Therefore, a protective measure against hyperoxia-induced lung injury is needed. The present study observed that anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 had protective effects on newborn rat lungs from injury induced at the early stage of hyperoxia, by preventing cell death and down-regulating inflammatory response. |
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- Erratum: Authour correciton
- Author correction: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 for preventing allergic, respiratory, and gastrointestinal diseases in young children in China: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
(1,860 times)
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Ke Chen, Xi Zhang, Kaihong Zeng, Jiayi Zhong, Shanshan Jin, Yang Nie, Ping Yang, Nianyang He, Haixia Chen, Yanmei Cao, Yunrong Fu, Ziji Fang, Wei Jiang, Changqi Lium
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(5):455-455. Published online April 28, 2026
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- Editorial
- Allergy
- Effect of metabolic syndrome on pulmonary dysfunction in children with asthma
(1,851 times)
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Hyo-Bin Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(2):136-137. Published online November 13, 2024
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· The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased in Korean children during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic owing to reduced physical activity resulting from social distancing.
· Metabolic syndrome impacts pulmonary dysfunction in childhood asthma.
· Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism linking asthma and metabolic syndrome and develop interventions. |
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- General Pediatrics
- Global breastfeeding efforts: a long way to go
(1,850 times)
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Hye-Jung Shin
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(4):300-302. Published online November 13, 2024
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· Despite much effort, breastfeeding practices remain unsatisfactory worldwide.
· Effective breastfeeding-promoting interventions are needed that are appropriate for age, culture, and social environment.
· Interventions can promote breastfeeding, especially in younger populations such as adolescent mothers. |
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- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- Clinical considerations and practical issues of kidney complications in children after COVID-19 infection or vaccination
(1,824 times)
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Jiwon Jung, Joo Hoon Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(1):35-36. Published online November 17, 2023
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· The proper monitoring for and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced acute kidney injury, which is common in critically ill children, are recommended.
· Glomerulopathy associated with COVID-19 or its vaccination has been reported, and the overall clinical course is similar to that of non-COVID-19-associated diseases.
· Additional COVID-19 vaccinations are recommended; however, careful and individualized decisions should be made in patients with COVID-19- or vaccination-associated glomerulopathy. |
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- Original Article
- Other
- Did government subsidy program improve quality of care for children with complex chronic conditions in children’s hospitals? A quasi-experimental study in South Korea
(1,818 times)
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Riyoung Na, Myoung-Hee Kim, Seok-Jun Yoon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2026;69(7):582-592. Published online May 28, 2026
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Question: Do government-funded Specialized Public Medical Centers for Children (SPMCCs) improve the quality of care for pediatric patients requiring complex and intensive medical care?
Finding: The SPMCC hospital designation reduced 30-day readmission rates among pediatric patients with severe conditions.
Meaning: Government investments are associated with improved quality of care for children with complex chronic conditions. Therefore, sustained government funding is essential to enhancing pediatric care quality. |
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- Editorial
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Exploring the role of laryngeal masks in neonatal resuscitation
(1,810 times)
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Euiseok Jung
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(5):247-248. Published online December 28, 2023
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· Laryngeal masks (LMs) offer stable airway access and skill retention advantages, making them promising alternatives to positive-pressure ventilation in neonatal care.
· The ease of teaching LM insertion techniques to less experienced providers addresses the need for swift intervention and skill retention.
· Careful consideration of the benefits and challenges of LMs is essential in determining their effective integration into enhanced neonatal resuscitation protocols. |
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- Infection
- Beyond COVID-19: meeting the challenge of evolving pediatric invasive group A streptococcal disease
(1,803 times)
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Han Wool Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(12):971-973. Published online November 26, 2025
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Pediatric for invasive group A Streptococcus has resurged globally with increasing severity and toxin-mediated presentations. Beta-lactams remain the first-line treatment, but linezolid has emerged as a safe alternative in cases refractory to β-lactams. Early intravenous immunoglobulin use may improve outcomes in severe streptococcal toxic shock syndrome cases, while C-reactive protein and procalcitonin aid early risk stratification. Integrating global surveillance and individualized therapy is crucial in the postpandemic era. |
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